将清单大致等份的最佳方法是什么?例如,如果列表有7个元素,并将其分为2部分,我们希望其中一部分有3个元素,而另一部分应该有4个元素。

我正在寻找类似even_split(L, n)的东西,它将L分解为n部分。

def chunks(L, n):
    """ Yield successive n-sized chunks from L.
    """
    for i in range(0, len(L), n):
        yield L[i:i+n]

上面的代码给出了3个块,而不是3个块。我可以简单地转置(遍历这个,取每列的第一个元素,称之为第一部分,然后取第二个元素,把它放在第二部分,等等),但这破坏了项目的顺序。


当前回答

你可以把它简单地写成一个列表生成器:

def split(a, n):
    k, m = divmod(len(a), n)
    return (a[i*k+min(i, m):(i+1)*k+min(i+1, m)] for i in range(n))

例子:

>>> list(split(range(11), 3))
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10]]

其他回答

舍入linspace并将其用作索引是一种比amit12690建议的更简单的解决方案。

function chunks=chunkit(array,num)

index = round(linspace(0,size(array,2),num+1));

chunks = cell(1,num);

for x = 1:num
chunks{x} = array(:,index(x)+1:index(x+1));
end
end

你可以把它简单地写成一个列表生成器:

def split(a, n):
    k, m = divmod(len(a), n)
    return (a[i*k+min(i, m):(i+1)*k+min(i+1, m)] for i in range(n))

例子:

>>> list(split(range(11), 3))
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10]]

以下是我的解决方案:

def chunks(l, amount):
    if amount < 1:
        raise ValueError('amount must be positive integer')
    chunk_len = len(l) // amount
    leap_parts = len(l) % amount
    remainder = amount // 2  # make it symmetrical
    i = 0
    while i < len(l):
        remainder += leap_parts
        end_index = i + chunk_len
        if remainder >= amount:
            remainder -= amount
            end_index += 1
        yield l[i:end_index]
        i = end_index

生产

    >>> list(chunks([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], 3))
    [[1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7]]

这段代码为我工作(python3兼容):

def chunkify(tab, num):
    return [tab[i*num: i*num+num] for i in range(len(tab)//num+(1 if len(tab)%num else 0))]

示例(适用于bytearray类型,但也适用于列表):

b = bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08')
>>> chunkify(b,3)
[bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03'), bytearray(b'\x04\x05\x06'), bytearray(b'\x07\x08')]
>>> chunkify(b,4)
[bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04'), bytearray(b'\x05\x06\x07\x08')]

下面是一个添加None以使列表长度相等的列表

>>> from itertools import izip_longest
>>> def chunks(l, n):
    """ Yield n successive chunks from l. Pads extra spaces with None
    """
    return list(zip(*izip_longest(*[iter(l)]*n)))

>>> l=range(54)

>>> chunks(l,3)
[(0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51), (1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 40, 43, 46, 49, 52), (2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 44, 47, 50, 53)]

>>> chunks(l,4)
[(0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52), (1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53), (2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, None), (3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31, 35, 39, 43, 47, 51, None)]

>>> chunks(l,5)
[(0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50), (1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41, 46, 51), (2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 42, 47, 52), (3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, 43, 48, 53), (4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, 34, 39, 44, 49, None)]