JSON格式本身不支持二进制数据。二进制数据必须转义，以便可以将其放在JSON中的字符串元素中(即使用反斜杠转义的双引号中的零或多个Unicode字符)。
转义二进制数据的一个明显方法是使用Base64。然而，Base64有很高的处理开销。此外，它将3个字节扩展为4个字符，导致数据大小增加约33%。
其中一个用例是CDMI云存储API规范的0.8版草案。您可以使用JSON通过REST-Webservice创建数据对象，例如:
PUT /MyContainer/BinaryObject HTTP/1.1
Host: cloud.example.com
Accept: application/vnd.org.snia.cdmi.dataobject+json
Content-Type: application/vnd.org.snia.cdmi.dataobject+json
X-CDMI-Specification-Version: 1.0
{
"mimetype" : "application/octet-stream",
"metadata" : [ ],
"value" : "TWFuIGlzIGRpc3Rpbmd1aXNoZWQsIG5vdCBvbmx5IGJ5IGhpcyByZWFzb24sIGJ1dCBieSB0aGlz
IHNpbmd1bGFyIHBhc3Npb24gZnJvbSBvdGhlciBhbmltYWxzLCB3aGljaCBpcyBhIGx1c3Qgb2Yg
dGhlIG1pbmQsIHRoYXQgYnkgYSBwZXJzZXZlcmFuY2Ugb2YgZGVsaWdodCBpbiB0aGUgY29udGlu
dWVkIGFuZCBpbmRlZmF0aWdhYmxlIGdlbmVyYXRpb24gb2Yga25vd2xlZGdlLCBleGNlZWRzIHRo
ZSBzaG9ydCB2ZWhlbWVuY2Ugb2YgYW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZS4=",
}
是否有更好的方法和标准方法将二进制数据编码为JSON字符串?
While it is true that base64 has ~33% expansion rate, it is not necessarily true that processing overhead is significantly more than this: it really depends on JSON library/toolkit you are using. Encoding and decoding are simple straight-forward operations, and they can even be optimized wrt character encoding (as JSON only supports UTF-8/16/32) -- base64 characters are always single-byte for JSON String entries.
For example on Java platform there are libraries that can do the job rather efficiently, so that overhead is mostly due to expanded size.
我同意之前的两个答案:
base64是简单的，常用的标准，所以不太可能找到更好的标准来与JSON一起使用(base-85用于postscript等;但仔细想想，这些好处充其量只是边际的)
编码前压缩(解码后压缩)可能很有意义，这取决于您使用的数据
只是添加另一个选项，我们低级的恐龙程序员使用……
一种老式的方法是Intel HEX格式，这种方法已经存在了三年了。它建立于1973年，UNIX时代开始于1970年1月1日。
它的效率更高吗?不。
这是一个公认的标准吗?是的。
它是否像JSON那样适合人类阅读?是的，而且比大多数二进制解决方案更具可读性。
json看起来像这样:
{
"data": [
":10010000214601360121470136007EFE09D2190140",
":100110002146017E17C20001FF5F16002148011928",
":10012000194E79234623965778239EDA3F01B2CAA7",
":100130003F0156702B5E712B722B732146013421C7",
":00000001FF"
]
}
yEnc可能适合你:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yenc
"yEnc is a binary-to-text encoding scheme for transferring binary
files in [text]. It reduces the overhead over previous US-ASCII-based
encoding methods by using an 8-bit Extended ASCII encoding method.
yEnc's overhead is often (if each byte value appears approximately
with the same frequency on average) as little as 1–2%, compared to
33%–40% overhead for 6-bit encoding methods like uuencode and Base64.
... By 2003 yEnc became the de facto standard encoding system for
binary files on Usenet."
然而，yEnc是一种8位编码，因此将其存储在JSON字符串中与存储原始二进制数据有相同的问题-使用naïve方式意味着大约100%的展开，这比base64更糟糕。
