从python连接到MySQL的最佳方法是使用MySQL连接器/ python，因为它是MySQL的官方Oracle驱动程序，用于与python一起工作，并且它可以与python 3和python 2一起工作。

按照下面提到的步骤连接MySQL

使用PIP安装连接器 PIP安装mysql-connector-python

或者您可以从https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/下载安装程序

使用mysql connector python的connect()方法连接mysql。将所需的参数传递给connect()方法。即主机、用户名、密码和数据库名。 从connect()方法返回的连接对象创建游标对象以执行SQL查询。 工作完成后关闭连接。

例子:

import mysql.connector
 from mysql.connector import Error
 try:
     conn = mysql.connector.connect(host='hostname',
                         database='db',
                         user='root',
                         password='passcode')
     if conn.is_connected():
       cursor = conn.cursor()
       cursor.execute("select database();")
       record = cursor.fetchall()
       print ("You're connected to - ", record)
 except Error as e :
    print ("Print your error msg", e)
 finally:
    #closing database connection.
    if(conn.is_connected()):
       cursor.close()
       conn.close()

参考资料- https://pynative.com/python-mysql-database-connection/

MySQL连接器Python的重要API

对于DML操作-使用cursor.execute()和cursor.executemany()来运行查询。在此之后，使用connection.commit()将您的更改保存到DB 获取数据—使用cursor.execute()运行查询，使用cursor.fetchall()， cursor.fetchone()， cursor.fetchmany(SIZE)获取数据

Oracle (MySQL)现在支持纯Python连接器。这意味着不需要安装二进制文件:它只是一个Python库。它叫做“连接器/Python”。

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/

安装完成后，您可以在这里看到一些使用示例

SqlAlchemy

SQLAlchemy是Python SQL工具包和对象关系映射器 为应用程序开发人员提供了SQL的全部功能和灵活性。 SQLAlchemy提供了一个完整的著名企业级套件 持久性模式，为高效和高性能而设计 数据库访问，改编成简单的python域语言。

安装

pip install sqlalchemy

原始查询

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_session

engine = create_engine("mysql://<user_name>:<password>@<host_name>/<db_name>")
session_obj = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = scoped_session(session_obj)

# insert into database
session.execute("insert into person values(2, 'random_name')")
session.flush()
session.commit()

蠕虫方式

from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_session

Base = declarative_base()
engine = create_engine("mysql://<user_name>:<password>@<host_name>/<db_name>")
session_obj = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = scoped_session(session_obj)

# Bind the engine to the metadata of the Base class so that the
# declaratives can be accessed through a DBSession instance
Base.metadata.bind = engine

class Person(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'person'
    # Here we define columns for the table person
    # Notice that each column is also a normal Python instance attribute.
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String(250), nullable=False)

# insert into database
person_obj = Person(id=12, name="name")
session.add(person_obj)
session.flush()
session.commit()

在终端上执行以下命令安装mysql connector:

pip install mysql-connector-python

在你的python编辑器中运行这个来连接MySQL:

import mysql.connector

mydb = mysql.connector.connect(
      host="localhost",
      user="username",
      passwd="password",
      database="database_name"
)

执行MySQL命令的示例(在python编辑器中):

mycursor = mydb.cursor()
mycursor.execute("CREATE TABLE customers (name VARCHAR(255), address VARCHAR(255))")    
mycursor.execute("SHOW TABLES")

mycursor.execute("INSERT INTO customers (name, address) VALUES ('John', 'Highway 21')")    
mydb.commit() # Use this command after insert, update, delete commands

更多命令:https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_mysql_getstarted.asp

Mysqlclient是最好的，因为其他的只支持特定版本的python

 pip install mysqlclient

示例代码

    import mysql.connector
    import _mysql
    db=_mysql.connect("127.0.0.1","root","umer","sys")
    #db=_mysql.connect(host,user,password,db)
    # Example of how to insert new values:
    db.query("""INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('01', 'myname')""")
    db.store_result()
    db.query("SELECT * FROM new1.table1 ;") 
    #new1 is scheme table1 is table mysql 
    res= db.store_result()
    for i in range(res.num_rows()):
        print(result.fetch_row())

参见https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient-python

首先，从https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/安装python-mysql连接器

在Python控制台输入:

pip install mysql-connector-python-rf
import mysql.connector