我正在运行一个程序,它正在处理3万个类似的文件。随机数量的它们停止并产生此错误…

  File "C:\Importer\src\dfman\importer.py", line 26, in import_chr
    data = pd.read_csv(filepath, names=fields)
  File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.py", line 400, in parser_f
    return _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
  File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.py", line 205, in _read
    return parser.read()
  File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.py", line 608, in read
    ret = self._engine.read(nrows)
  File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.py", line 1028, in read
    data = self._reader.read(nrows)
  File "parser.pyx", line 706, in pandas.parser.TextReader.read (pandas\parser.c:6745)
  File "parser.pyx", line 728, in pandas.parser.TextReader._read_low_memory (pandas\parser.c:6964)
  File "parser.pyx", line 804, in pandas.parser.TextReader._read_rows (pandas\parser.c:7780)
  File "parser.pyx", line 890, in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_column_data (pandas\parser.c:8793)
  File "parser.pyx", line 950, in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_tokens (pandas\parser.c:9484)
  File "parser.pyx", line 1026, in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_with_dtype (pandas\parser.c:10642)
  File "parser.pyx", line 1046, in pandas.parser.TextReader._string_convert (pandas\parser.c:10853)
  File "parser.pyx", line 1278, in pandas.parser._string_box_utf8 (pandas\parser.c:15657)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xda in position 6: invalid    continuation byte

这些文件的来源/创建都来自同一个地方。纠正这个问题以继续导入的最佳方法是什么?


当前回答

I am posting an answer to provide an updated solution and explanation as to why this problem can occur. Say you are getting this data from a database or Excel workbook. If you have special characters like La Cañada Flintridge city, well unless you are exporting the data using UTF-8 encoding, you're going to introduce errors. La Cañada Flintridge city will become La Ca\xf1ada Flintridge city. If you are using pandas.read_csv without any adjustments to the default parameters, you'll hit the following error

UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xf1 in position 5: invalid continuation byte

幸运的是,有一些解决方案。

选项1,修复导出。确保使用UTF-8编码。

选项2,如果您无法修复导出问题,并且需要使用pandas。Read_csv,请确保包含以下参数,engine='python'。默认情况下,pandas使用engine='C',这非常适合读取大的干净文件,但如果出现任何意外情况,则会崩溃。根据我的经验,设置encoding='utf-8'从来没有修复过这个UnicodeDecodeError。此外,您不需要使用errors_bad_lines,但是,如果您确实需要它,这仍然是一个选项。

pd.read_csv(<your file>, engine='python')

选项3:解决方案是我个人更喜欢的解决方案。使用普通Python读取文件。

import pandas as pd

data = []

with open(<your file>, "rb") as myfile:
    # read the header seperately
    # decode it as 'utf-8', remove any special characters, and split it on the comma (or deliminator)
    header = myfile.readline().decode('utf-8').replace('\r\n', '').split(',')
    # read the rest of the data
    for line in myfile:
        row = line.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').replace('\r\n', '').split(',')
        data.append(row)

# save the data as a dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame(data=data, columns = header)

希望这对第一次遇到这个问题的人有所帮助。

其他回答

这个答案似乎是CSV编码问题的万能答案。如果你的头文件出现了奇怪的编码问题,就像这样:

>>> f = open(filename,"r")
>>> reader = DictReader(f)
>>> next(reader)
OrderedDict([('\ufeffid', '1'), ... ])

然后在CSV文件的开头有一个字节顺序标记(BOM)字符。这个答案解决了这个问题:

Python读取csv - BOM嵌入到第一个键

解决方案是用encoding="utf-8-sig"加载CSV:

>>> f = open(filename,"r", encoding="utf-8-sig")
>>> reader = DictReader(f)
>>> next(reader)
OrderedDict([('id', '1'), ... ])

希望这能帮助到一些人。

我正在更新这个旧线程。我找到了一个有效的解决方案,但需要打开每个文件。我在LibreOffice中打开我的csv文件,选择另存为>编辑过滤器设置。在下拉菜单中,我选择UTF8编码。然后我在data = pd.read_csv(r' c:\fullpathtofile\filename.csv', sep = ',', encoding="utf-8-sig")中添加了encoding="utf-8-sig"。

希望这能帮助到一些人。

试试这个:

import pandas as pd
with open('filename.csv') as f:
    data = pd.read_csv(f)

看起来它会处理编码,而不会通过参数显式地表示它

在我的例子中,一个文件具有USC-2 LE BOM编码,根据notepad++。 对于python,它是encoding="utf_16_le"。

希望,这能帮助别人更快地找到答案。

你总是可以尝试先检测文件的编码,使用chardet或cchardet或charset-normalizer:

from pathlib import Path
import chardet

filename = "file_name.csv"
detected = chardet.detect(Path(filename).read_bytes())
# detected is something like {'encoding': 'utf-8', 'confidence': 0.99, 'language': ''}

encoding = detected.get("encoding")
assert encoding, "Unable to detect encoding, is it a binary file?"

df = pd.read_csv(filename, encoding=encoding)