我正在寻找一种优雅的方式来获得数据使用属性访问字典与一些嵌套的字典和列表(即javascript风格的对象语法)。
例如:
>>> d = {'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2}, 'd': ["hi", {'foo': "bar"}]}
应该以这样的方式访问:
>>> x = dict2obj(d)
>>> x.a
1
>>> x.b.c
2
>>> x.d[1].foo
bar
我想,如果没有递归,这是不可能的,但是有什么更好的方法来获得字典的对象样式呢?
我正在寻找一种优雅的方式来获得数据使用属性访问字典与一些嵌套的字典和列表(即javascript风格的对象语法)。
例如:
>>> d = {'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2}, 'd': ["hi", {'foo': "bar"}]}
应该以这样的方式访问:
>>> x = dict2obj(d)
>>> x.a
1
>>> x.b.c
2
>>> x.d[1].foo
bar
我想,如果没有递归,这是不可能的,但是有什么更好的方法来获得字典的对象样式呢?
当前回答
x = type('new_dict', (object,), d)
然后再加上递归,就完成了。
编辑这是我如何实现它:
>>> d
{'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2}, 'd': ['hi', {'foo': 'bar'}]}
>>> def obj_dic(d):
top = type('new', (object,), d)
seqs = tuple, list, set, frozenset
for i, j in d.items():
if isinstance(j, dict):
setattr(top, i, obj_dic(j))
elif isinstance(j, seqs):
setattr(top, i,
type(j)(obj_dic(sj) if isinstance(sj, dict) else sj for sj in j))
else:
setattr(top, i, j)
return top
>>> x = obj_dic(d)
>>> x.a
1
>>> x.b.c
2
>>> x.d[1].foo
'bar'
其他回答
老式问答,但我有更多的话题要谈。似乎没有人谈论递归字典。这是我的代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python
class Object( dict ):
def __init__( self, data = None ):
super( Object, self ).__init__()
if data:
self.__update( data, {} )
def __update( self, data, did ):
dataid = id(data)
did[ dataid ] = self
for k in data:
dkid = id(data[k])
if did.has_key(dkid):
self[k] = did[dkid]
elif isinstance( data[k], Object ):
self[k] = data[k]
elif isinstance( data[k], dict ):
obj = Object()
obj.__update( data[k], did )
self[k] = obj
obj = None
else:
self[k] = data[k]
def __getattr__( self, key ):
return self.get( key, None )
def __setattr__( self, key, value ):
if isinstance(value,dict):
self[key] = Object( value )
else:
self[key] = value
def update( self, *args ):
for obj in args:
for k in obj:
if isinstance(obj[k],dict):
self[k] = Object( obj[k] )
else:
self[k] = obj[k]
return self
def merge( self, *args ):
for obj in args:
for k in obj:
if self.has_key(k):
if isinstance(self[k],list) and isinstance(obj[k],list):
self[k] += obj[k]
elif isinstance(self[k],list):
self[k].append( obj[k] )
elif isinstance(obj[k],list):
self[k] = [self[k]] + obj[k]
elif isinstance(self[k],Object) and isinstance(obj[k],Object):
self[k].merge( obj[k] )
elif isinstance(self[k],Object) and isinstance(obj[k],dict):
self[k].merge( obj[k] )
else:
self[k] = [ self[k], obj[k] ]
else:
if isinstance(obj[k],dict):
self[k] = Object( obj[k] )
else:
self[k] = obj[k]
return self
def test01():
class UObject( Object ):
pass
obj = Object({1:2})
d = {}
d.update({
"a": 1,
"b": {
"c": 2,
"d": [ 3, 4, 5 ],
"e": [ [6,7], (8,9) ],
"self": d,
},
1: 10,
"1": 11,
"obj": obj,
})
x = UObject(d)
assert x.a == x["a"] == 1
assert x.b.c == x["b"]["c"] == 2
assert x.b.d[0] == 3
assert x.b.d[1] == 4
assert x.b.e[0][0] == 6
assert x.b.e[1][0] == 8
assert x[1] == 10
assert x["1"] == 11
assert x[1] != x["1"]
assert id(x) == id(x.b.self.b.self) == id(x.b.self)
assert x.b.self.a == x.b.self.b.self.a == 1
x.x = 12
assert x.x == x["x"] == 12
x.y = {"a":13,"b":[14,15]}
assert x.y.a == 13
assert x.y.b[0] == 14
def test02():
x = Object({
"a": {
"b": 1,
"c": [ 2, 3 ]
},
1: 6,
2: [ 8, 9 ],
3: 11,
})
y = Object({
"a": {
"b": 4,
"c": [ 5 ]
},
1: 7,
2: 10,
3: [ 12 , 13 ],
})
z = {
3: 14,
2: 15,
"a": {
"b": 16,
"c": 17,
}
}
x.merge( y, z )
assert 2 in x.a.c
assert 3 in x.a.c
assert 5 in x.a.c
assert 1 in x.a.b
assert 4 in x.a.b
assert 8 in x[2]
assert 9 in x[2]
assert 10 in x[2]
assert 11 in x[3]
assert 12 in x[3]
assert 13 in x[3]
assert 14 in x[3]
assert 15 in x[2]
assert 16 in x.a.b
assert 17 in x.a.c
if __name__ == '__main__':
test01()
test02()
这可以让你开始:
class dict2obj(object):
def __init__(self, d):
self.__dict__['d'] = d
def __getattr__(self, key):
value = self.__dict__['d'][key]
if type(value) == type({}):
return dict2obj(value)
return value
d = {'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2}, 'd': ["hi", {'foo': "bar"}]}
x = dict2obj(d)
print x.a
print x.b.c
print x.d[1].foo
它还不适用于列表。你必须将列表包装在UserList中,并重载__getitem__来包装字典。
这是另一个实现:
class DictObj(object):
def __init__(self, d):
self.__dict__ = d
def dict_to_obj(d):
if isinstance(d, (list, tuple)): return map(dict_to_obj, d)
elif not isinstance(d, dict): return d
return DictObj(dict((k, dict_to_obj(v)) for (k,v) in d.iteritems()))
[编辑]遗漏了在列表中处理字典的部分,而不仅仅是其他字典。添加修复。
有一个 名为namedtuple的集合助手,可以为你做这些:
from collections import namedtuple
d_named = namedtuple('Struct', d.keys())(*d.values())
In [7]: d_named
Out[7]: Struct(a=1, b={'c': 2}, d=['hi', {'foo': 'bar'}])
In [8]: d_named.a
Out[8]: 1
你可以用我的方法来处理。
somedict= {"person": {"name": "daniel"}}
class convertor:
def __init__(self, dic: dict) -> object:
self.dict = dic
def recursive_check(obj):
for key, value in dic.items():
if isinstance(value, dict):
value= convertor(value)
setattr(obj, key, value)
recursive_check(self)
my_object= convertor(somedict)
print(my_object.person.name)