别再白费力气了。使用https://github.com/medialize/URI.js/

var uri = new URI("http://example.org:80/foo/hello.html");
// get host
uri.host(); // returns string "example.org:80"
// set host
uri.host("example.org:80");

那么简单的正则表达式呢?

url = "http://www.example.com/path/to/somwhere";
urlParts = /^(?:\w+\:\/\/)?([^\/]+)(.*)$/.exec(url);
hostname = urlParts[1]; // www.example.com
path = urlParts[2]; // /path/to/somwhere

下面是一个使用regexp的简单函数，它模仿了a标记行为。

Pros

可预测的行为(无跨浏览器问题) 不需要DOM 它真的很短。

Cons

regexp有点难读

-

function getLocation(href) {
    var match = href.match(/^(https?\:)\/\/(([^:\/?#]*)(?:\:([0-9]+))?)([\/]{0,1}[^?#]*)(\?[^#]*|)(#.*|)$/);
    return match && {
        href: href,
        protocol: match[1],
        host: match[2],
        hostname: match[3],
        port: match[4],
        pathname: match[5],
        search: match[6],
        hash: match[7]
    }
}

-

getLocation("http://example.com/");
/*
{
    "protocol": "http:",
    "host": "example.com",
    "hostname": "example.com",
    "port": undefined,
    "pathname": "/"
    "search": "",
    "hash": "",
}
*/

getLocation("http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash");
/*
{
    "protocol": "http:",
    "host": "example.com:3000",
    "hostname": "example.com",
    "port": "3000",
    "pathname": "/pathname/",
    "search": "?search=test",
    "hash": "#hash"
}
*/

编辑:

下面是正则表达式的分解

var reURLInformation = new RegExp([
    '^(https?:)//', // protocol
    '(([^:/?#]*)(?::([0-9]+))?)', // host (hostname and port)
    '(/{0,1}[^?#]*)', // pathname
    '(\\?[^#]*|)', // search
    '(#.*|)$' // hash
].join(''));
var match = href.match(reURLInformation);

freddiefujiwara的答案很好，但我也需要在ie中支持相对url。我想出了以下解决方案:

function getLocation(href) {
    var location = document.createElement("a");
    location.href = href;
    // IE doesn't populate all link properties when setting .href with a relative URL,
    // however .href will return an absolute URL which then can be used on itself
    // to populate these additional fields.
    if (location.host == "") {
      location.href = location.href;
    }
    return location;
};

现在使用它来获得所需的属性:

var a = getLocation('http://example.com/aa/bb/');
document.write(a.hostname);
document.write(a.pathname);

例子:

function getLocation(href) { var location = document.createElement("a"); location.href = href; // IE doesn't populate all link properties when setting .href with a relative URL, // however .href will return an absolute URL which then can be used on itself // to populate these additional fields. if (location.host == "") { location.href = location.href; } return location; }; var urlToParse = 'http://example.com/aa/bb/', a = getLocation(urlToParse); document.write('Absolute URL: ' + urlToParse); document.write('<br />'); document.write('Hostname: ' + a.hostname); document.write('<br />'); document.write('Pathname: ' + a.pathname);

这不会解析查询和散列，但除此之外它工作得很好。

const getURIParts = (url) => { const matches = url.match(/^(\w+?:\/\/)?([\w-\.]+(?=\/?))?:?(\d*)?([^:]*)/) return { scheme: matches ? matches[1] : undefined, host: matches ? matches[2] : '', port: matches ? matches[3] : undefined, pathname: matches ? matches[4] : '' } } console.log(getURIParts("")) console.log(getURIParts("http://localhost/bla")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com/")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com")) console.log(getURIParts("wss://wss.slack.com/link/?ticket=1234-5678")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost/bla")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost/")) console.log(getURIParts("api.spotify.com/bla/two")) console.log(getURIParts("api.spotify.com:8000/bla/two")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com:8800/")) console.log(getURIParts("/mp3-preview/f504e6b8e037771318656394f532dede4f9bcaea"))

为什么不用呢?

        $scope.get_location=function(url_str){
        var parser = document.createElement('a');
        parser.href =url_str;//"http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash";
        var info={
            protocol:parser.protocol,   
            hostname:parser.hostname, // => "example.com"
            port:parser.port,     // => "3000"
            pathname:parser.pathname, // => "/pathname/"
            search:parser.search,   // => "?search=test"
            hash:parser.hash,     // => "#hash"
            host:parser.host, // => "example.com:3000"      
        }
        return info;
    }
    alert( JSON.stringify( $scope.get_location("http://localhost:257/index.php/deploy/?asd=asd#asd"),null,4 ) );