我如何在javascript中解析URL到主机名和路径?

我想拿一根绳子

var a = "http://example.com/aa/bb/"

然后把它加工成一个物体

a.hostname == "example.com"

and

a.pathname == "/aa/bb"

当前回答

下面是一个使用regexp的简单函数，它模仿了a标记行为。

Pros

可预测的行为(无跨浏览器问题) 不需要DOM 它真的很短。

Cons

regexp有点难读

function getLocation(href) {
    var match = href.match(/^(https?\:)\/\/(([^:\/?#]*)(?:\:([0-9]+))?)([\/]{0,1}[^?#]*)(\?[^#]*|)(#.*|)$/);
    return match && {
        href: href,
        protocol: match[1],
        host: match[2],
        hostname: match[3],
        port: match[4],
        pathname: match[5],
        search: match[6],
        hash: match[7]
    }
}

getLocation("http://example.com/");
/*
{
    "protocol": "http:",
    "host": "example.com",
    "hostname": "example.com",
    "port": undefined,
    "pathname": "/"
    "search": "",
    "hash": "",
}
*/

getLocation("http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash");
/*
{
    "protocol": "http:",
    "host": "example.com:3000",
    "hostname": "example.com",
    "port": "3000",
    "pathname": "/pathname/",
    "search": "?search=test",
    "hash": "#hash"
}
*/

编辑:

下面是正则表达式的分解

var reURLInformation = new RegExp([
    '^(https?:)//', // protocol
    '(([^:/?#]*)(?::([0-9]+))?)', // host (hostname and port)
    '(/{0,1}[^?#]*)', // pathname
    '(\\?[^#]*|)', // search
    '(#.*|)$' // hash
].join(''));
var match = href.match(reURLInformation);

2014-02-04 13:34:04

其他回答

在这里找到:https://gist.github.com/jlong/2428561

var parser = document.createElement('a');
parser.href = "http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash";

parser.protocol; // => "http:"
parser.host;     // => "example.com:3000"
parser.hostname; // => "example.com"
parser.port;     // => "3000"
parser.pathname; // => "/pathname/"
parser.hash;     // => "#hash"
parser.search;   // => "?search=test"
parser.origin;   // => "http://example.com:3000"

2013-04-12 19:27:56

以下是我从https://gist.github.com/1847816复制的一个版本，但经过重写，以便于阅读和调试。将锚数据的值复制到另一个名为“result”的变量的目的是因为锚数据相当长，因此将有限数量的值复制到结果将有助于简化结果。

/**
 * See: https://gist.github.com/1847816
 * Parse a URI, returning an object similar to Location
 * Usage: var uri = parseUri("hello?search#hash")
 */
function parseUri(url) {

  var result = {};

  var anchor = document.createElement('a');
  anchor.href = url;

  var keys = 'protocol hostname host pathname port search hash href'.split(' ');
  for (var keyIndex in keys) {
    var currentKey = keys[keyIndex]; 
    result[currentKey] = anchor[currentKey];
  }

  result.toString = function() { return anchor.href; };
  result.requestUri = result.pathname + result.search;  
  return result;

}

2012-03-19 20:16:52

这不会解析查询和散列，但除此之外它工作得很好。

const getURIParts = (url) => { const matches = url.match(/^(\w+?:\/\/)?([\w-\.]+(?=\/?))?:?(\d*)?([^:]*)/) return { scheme: matches ? matches[1] : undefined, host: matches ? matches[2] : '', port: matches ? matches[3] : undefined, pathname: matches ? matches[4] : '' } } console.log(getURIParts("")) console.log(getURIParts("http://localhost/bla")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com/")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com")) console.log(getURIParts("wss://wss.slack.com/link/?ticket=1234-5678")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost/bla")) console.log(getURIParts("localhost/")) console.log(getURIParts("api.spotify.com/bla/two")) console.log(getURIParts("api.spotify.com:8000/bla/two")) console.log(getURIParts("https://api.spotify.com:8800/")) console.log(getURIParts("/mp3-preview/f504e6b8e037771318656394f532dede4f9bcaea"))

2021-09-27 02:09:57

使用模块模式的简单而健壮的解决方案。这包括修复IE的路径名不总是有前导正斜杠(/)。

我已经创建了一个Gist和一个JSFiddle，它提供了一个更动态的解析器。我建议你检查一下并提供反馈。

var URLParser = (function (document) {
    var PROPS = 'protocol hostname host pathname port search hash href'.split(' ');
    var self = function (url) {
        this.aEl = document.createElement('a');
        this.parse(url);
    };
    self.prototype.parse = function (url) {
        this.aEl.href = url;
        if (this.aEl.host == "") {
           this.aEl.href = this.aEl.href;
        }
        PROPS.forEach(function (prop) {
            switch (prop) {
                case 'hash':
                    this[prop] = this.aEl[prop].substr(1);
                    break;
                default:
                    this[prop] = this.aEl[prop];
            }
        }, this);
        if (this.pathname.indexOf('/') !== 0) {
            this.pathname = '/' + this.pathname;
        }
        this.requestUri = this.pathname + this.search;
    };
    self.prototype.toObj = function () {
        var obj = {};
        PROPS.forEach(function (prop) {
            obj[prop] = this[prop];
        }, this);
        obj.requestUri = this.requestUri;
        return obj;
    };
    self.prototype.toString = function () {
        return this.href;
    };
    return self;
})(document);

Demo

输出

{
 "protocol": "https:",
 "hostname": "www.example.org",
 "host": "www.example.org:5887",
 "pathname": "/foo/bar",
 "port": "5887",
 "search": "?a=1&b=2",
 "hash": "section-1",
 "href": "https://www.example.org:5887/foo/bar?a=1&b=2#section-1",
 "requestUri": "/foo/bar?a=1&b=2"
}
{
 "protocol": "ftp:",
 "hostname": "www.files.com",
 "host": "www.files.com:22",
 "pathname": "/folder",
 "port": "22",
 "search": "?id=7",
 "hash": "",
 "href": "ftp://www.files.com:22/folder?id=7",
 "requestUri": "/folder?id=7"
}

2015-01-15 13:37:22

那么简单的正则表达式呢?

url = "http://www.example.com/path/to/somwhere";
urlParts = /^(?:\w+\:\/\/)?([^\/]+)(.*)$/.exec(url);
hostname = urlParts[1]; // www.example.com
path = urlParts[2]; // /path/to/somwhere

2015-10-08 14:19:46

我如何在javascript中解析URL到主机名和路径?

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