Emacs的好处

Emacs has both non-modal interface (by default) and modal one (e.g. it can emulate vim and vi through Evil, Viper, or Vimpulse). One of the most ported computer programs. It runs in text mode and under graphical user interfaces on a wide variety of operating systems, including most Unix-like systems (Linux, the various BSDs, Solaris, AIX, IRIX, macOSetc.), MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, AmigaOS, and OpenVMS. Unix systems, both free and proprietary, frequently provide Emacs bundled with the operating system. Emacs server architecture allows multiple clients to attach to the same Emacs instance and share the buffer list, kill ring, undo history and other state. Pervasive online help system with keybindings, functions and commands documented on the fly. Extensible and customizable Lisp programming language variant (Emacs Lisp), with features that include: A powerful and extensible file manager (dired), integrated debugger, and a large set of development and other tools. Having every command be an Emacs Lisp function enables commands to DWIM (Do What I Mean) by programmatically responding to past actions and document state. For example, a switch-or-split-window command could switch to another window if one exists, or create one if needed. This cuts down on the number of keystrokes and commands a user must remember. "An OS inside an OS". Emacs Lisp enables Emacs to be programmed far beyond editing features. Even a base install contains several dozen applications, including two web browsers, news readers, several mail agents, four IRC clients, a version of ELIZA, and a variety of games. All of these applications are available anywhere Emacs runs, with the same user interface and functionality. Starting with version 24, Emacs includes a package manager, making it easy to install additional applications including alternate web browsers, EMMS (Emacs Multimedia System), and more. Also available are numerous packages for programming, including some targeted at specific language/library combinations or coding styles.

vi类编辑器的好处

Edit commands are composable Vi has a modal interface (which Emacs can emulate) Historically, vi loads faster than Emacs. While deeply associated with UNIX tradition, it runs on all systems that can implement the standard C library, including UNIX, Linux, AmigaOS, DOS, Windows, Mac, BeOS, OpenVMS, IRIX, AIX, HP-UX, BSD and POSIX-compliant systems. Extensible and customizable through Vim script or APIs for interpreted languages such as Python, Ruby, Perl, and Lua Ubiquitous. Essentially all Unix and Unix-like systems come with vi (or a variant) built-in. Vi (and ex, but not vim) is specified in the POSIX standard. System rescue environments, embedded systems (notably those with busybox) and other constrained environments often include vi, but not emacs.

来源:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_war

对于我来说，选择使用emacs而不是vim的最大区别是emacs内置的gdb支持。Vim的默认发行版中并没有包含这个功能，而且用于集成gdb和Vim的项目几乎不可能使用MacVim

在日常层面上有巨大的区别——Vim(或任何vi变体)本质上是模态的(你进入命令模式，但你不能编辑)，而Emacs(以及大多数其他编辑器)不是。

当然，使用菜单之类的东西，你不需要在Vim中实际进入命令模式——首先。但即使使用Vim的一小部分力量，你也会。这是Vim/Emacs争论的核心。

就我个人而言，我还认为Emacs的可扩展性要强得多。你可以找到很多东西的Elisp包。

不过，我很好奇，为什么您考虑学习其中一种而不是更传统的IDE。你为什么要学这个?

Vim不是一个壳。而且它不能很好地与子进程通信。这几乎是设计的，而在Emacs中，这些元素是设计包含的。这意味着有些东西，比如嵌入调试器或解释器(产生某种IDE)，在Vim中是很困难的。

此外，Emacs快捷方式主要是通过修饰符访问的，显然Vim接口是出了名的模态接口，可以访问大量的直接键进行操作。

Emacs曾经是这两个编辑器中唯一可编程的编辑器，而Vim的可编程性有很多奇怪的级别，添加了Python和Ruby绑定(还有更多，我忘记了)，Vim也可以以您所关心的大多数方式进行可编程。

我使用Vim，而且我对它相当满意。

If you are looking for an objective analysis of both the editors, look at their origins and the philosophy behind their respective designs. Think, which one would suit you better and learn it (and learn it and learn it, because it takes time before you being to discover its true utility as against any IDE). An Introduction to Display Editing with Vi was written by Bill Joy and Mark Horton and he explains why he choose modal design and rationale for various key strokes ( it helps me to remember that CTRL-W +W (will switch to next Window and it will same for CTRL W+ CTRL W, just in case you held the CTRL key for a longer duration.

这里有一个Emacs时间轴的链接，并有对Multics Emacs论文的参考。这是一篇关于Emacs的RMS论文，我看到重点在可编程文本编辑器上(甚至早在1981年或更早的时候)。

我没有读过emacs的论文，但是读过Bill Joy的vi论文几次。 两者都是旧的，但你仍然会得到哲学，你可以选择使用当前的工具(vim 7。X还是emacs 25?)

编辑:我忘了说，阅读这两篇论文需要耐心和想象力，因为它会让你在阅读时回到过去。但这是值得的。

Vim:

作为一个简单的编辑器更好(简单任务所需的键更少) 更活跃的脚本社区-内部语言:vimscript 一个集中的脚本、插件、配色方案…… 在python、ruby中也可扩展 可移植(emacs在这方面存在一些问题)

Emacs:

non modal by default (most of today's editors have taken this approach). Though there is evil-mode which emulates vim behavior. more powerful language for extending it (elisp is a full blown language, and in emacs you can practically redefine everything; while in vim you cannot redefine build in functions of the editor. On the downside, vimscript is relatively similar to today's dynamic languages while elisp doesn't resemble pretty much anything) more extendible excellent support for GNU tools (the bunch of them)

就我个人而言，我更喜欢vim——它很小，做了它应该做的事情，当我想要一个完整的IDE时，我打开它VS. Emacs的方法是一个编辑器，它想成为一个IDE(或者我应该说，一个操作系统)，但并不完全，在我看来，过时了。以前有电子邮件客户端、ftp客户端、俄罗斯方块……一个包(emacs)中的东西是有意义的……如今，它不再是了。

然而，这两者都是程序员和超级用户社区用户之间的宗教讨论话题，在这方面，如果接触(在同一句话/问题中)，两者都很适合开始激烈的战争。