按数组中的对象分组最有效的方法是什么?

例如,给定此对象数组:

[ 
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 1", Value: "5" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 2", Value: "10" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 1", Value: "15" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 2", Value: "20" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 1", Value: "25" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 2", Value: "30" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 1", Value: "35" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 2", Value: "40" }
]

我正在表格中显示这些信息。我想通过不同的方法进行分组,但我想对值求和。

我将Undercore.js用于其groupby函数,这很有用,但并不能完成全部任务,因为我不希望它们“拆分”,而是“合并”,更像SQL groupby方法。

我要找的是能够合计特定值(如果需要)。

因此,如果我按阶段分组,我希望收到:

[
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Value: 50 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Value: 130 }
]

如果我组了阶段/步骤,我会收到:

[
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Value: 15 },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Value: 35 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Value: 55 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Value: 75 }
]

是否有一个有用的脚本,或者我应该坚持使用Undercore.js,然后遍历生成的对象,自己计算总数?


当前回答

您可以使用Alasql JavaScript库来实现:

var data = [ { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 1", Value: "5" },
             { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 2", Value: "10" }];

var res = alasql('SELECT Phase, Step, SUM(CAST([Value] AS INT)) AS [Value] \
                  FROM ? GROUP BY Phase, Step',[data]);

在jsFiddle尝试这个示例。

BTW:在大型阵列(100000条记录及以上)上,Alasql比Linq更快。参见jsPref中的测试。

评论:

这里我将Value放在方括号中,因为Value是SQL中的关键字我必须使用CAST()函数将字符串值转换为数字类型。

其他回答

发帖是因为即使这个问题已经7年了,我仍然没有看到一个符合原始标准的答案:

我不希望它们“拆分”,而是“合并”,更像SQL组方法

我最初发表这篇文章是因为我想找到一种方法来减少对象数组(例如,当您从csv中读取时创建的数据结构),并通过给定索引聚合以生成相同的数据结构。我正在寻找的返回值是另一个对象数组,而不是我在这里看到的嵌套对象或映射。

下面的函数获取一个数据集(对象数组)、一个索引列表(数组)和一个reducer函数,并将reducer功能应用于索引的结果作为一个对象数组返回。

function agg(data, indices, reducer) {

  // helper to create unique index as an array
  function getUniqueIndexHash(row, indices) {
    return indices.reduce((acc, curr) => acc + row[curr], "");
  }

  // reduce data to single object, whose values will be each of the new rows
  // structure is an object whose values are arrays
  // [{}] -> {{}}
  // no operation performed, simply grouping
  let groupedObj = data.reduce((acc, curr) => {
    let currIndex = getUniqueIndexHash(curr, indices);

    // if key does not exist, create array with current row
    if (!Object.keys(acc).includes(currIndex)) {
      acc = {...acc, [currIndex]: [curr]}
    // otherwise, extend the array at currIndex
    } else {
      acc = {...acc, [currIndex]: acc[currIndex].concat(curr)};
    }

    return acc;
  }, {})

  // reduce the array into a single object by applying the reducer
  let reduced = Object.values(groupedObj).map(arr => {
    // for each sub-array, reduce into single object using the reducer function
    let reduceValues = arr.reduce(reducer, {});

    // reducer returns simply the aggregates - add in the indices here
    // each of the objects in "arr" has the same indices, so we take the first
    let indexObj = indices.reduce((acc, curr) => {
      acc = {...acc, [curr]: arr[0][curr]};
      return acc;
    }, {});

    reduceValues = {...indexObj, ...reduceValues};


    return reduceValues;
  });


  return reduced;
}

我将创建一个返回count(*)和sum(Value)的reducer:

reducer = (acc, curr) => {
  acc.count = 1 + (acc.count || 0);
  acc.value = +curr.Value + (acc.value|| 0);
  return acc;
}

最后,使用我们的reducer将agg函数应用于原始数据集会生成一个应用了适当聚合的对象数组:

agg(tasks, ["Phase"], reducer);
// yields:
Array(2) [
  0: Object {Phase: "Phase 1", count: 4, value: 50}
  1: Object {Phase: "Phase 2", count: 4, value: 130}
]

agg(tasks, ["Phase", "Step"], reducer);
// yields:
Array(4) [
  0: Object {Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", count: 2, value: 15}
  1: Object {Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", count: 2, value: 35}
  2: Object {Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", count: 2, value: 55}
  3: Object {Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", count: 2, value: 75}
]

通常,我使用Lodash JavaScript实用程序库和预先构建的groupBy()方法。它非常容易使用,请在此处查看更多详细信息。

var newArr = data.reduce((acc, cur) => {
    const existType = acc.find(a => a.Phase === cur.Phase);
    if (existType) {
        existType.Value += +cur.Value;
        return acc;
    }

    acc.push({
        Phase: cur.Phase,
        Value: +cur.Value
    });
    return acc;
}, []);

我会检查一下lodash组,它似乎正是你想要的。它也很轻,非常简单。

Fiddle示例:https://jsfiddle.net/r7szvt5k/

如果数组名称为arr,则带有lodash的groupBy仅为:

import groupBy from 'lodash/groupBy';
// if you still use require:
// const groupBy = require('lodash/groupBy');

const a = groupBy(arr, function(n) {
  return n.Phase;
});
// a is your array grouped by Phase attribute

让我们生成一个通用的Array.protocol.groupBy()工具。为了多样化,让我们在递归方法上使用ES6 fancyty扩展运算符进行Haskell式模式匹配。同样,让我们让Array.prototype.groupBy()接受一个回调,该回调将项(e)、索引(i)和应用的数组(a)作为参数。

Array.prototype.groupBy=函数(cb){返回函数迭代([x,…xs],i=0,r=[[],[]]){cb(x,i,[x,…xs])?(r[0].推(x),r):(r[1].推(x),r);是否返回xs.length?迭代(xs,++i,r):r;}(本);};var arr=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],res=arr.groupBy(e=>e<5);console.log(res);