我知道PHP还没有本地枚举。但是我已经习惯了来自Java世界的它们。我喜欢使用枚举来提供ide的自动补全功能能够理解的预定义值。
常量可以解决这个问题,但是存在名称空间冲突问题,而且(实际上是因为)它们是全局的。数组没有名称空间的问题,但是它们太模糊了,它们可以在运行时被覆盖,而且ide很少知道如何在没有额外的静态分析注释或属性的情况下自动填充它们的键。
你有什么常用的解决方案/变通办法吗?有人记得PHP的人对枚举有什么想法或决定吗?
我知道PHP还没有本地枚举。但是我已经习惯了来自Java世界的它们。我喜欢使用枚举来提供ide的自动补全功能能够理解的预定义值。
常量可以解决这个问题,但是存在名称空间冲突问题,而且(实际上是因为)它们是全局的。数组没有名称空间的问题,但是它们太模糊了,它们可以在运行时被覆盖,而且ide很少知道如何在没有额外的静态分析注释或属性的情况下自动填充它们的键。
你有什么常用的解决方案/变通办法吗?有人记得PHP的人对枚举有什么想法或决定吗?
当前回答
下面的Enum类定义是强类型的,使用和定义都很自然。
定义:
class Fruit extends Enum {
static public $APPLE = 1;
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
Fruit::initialize(); //Can also be called in autoloader
切换Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::$APPLE;
switch ($myFruit) {
case Fruit::$APPLE : echo "I like apples\n"; break;
case Fruit::$ORANGE : echo "I hate oranges\n"; break;
}
>> I like apples
传递Enum作为参数(强类型)
/** Function only accepts Fruit enums as input**/
function echoFruit(Fruit $fruit) {
echo $fruit->getName().": ".$fruit->getValue()."\n";
}
/** Call function with each Enum value that Fruit has */
foreach (Fruit::getList() as $fruit) {
echoFruit($fruit);
}
//Call function with Apple enum
echoFruit(Fruit::$APPLE)
//Will produce an error. This solution is strongly typed
echoFruit(2);
>> APPLE: 1
>> ORANGE: 2
>> APPLE: 1
>> Argument 1 passed to echoFruit() must be an instance of Fruit, integer given
以字符串形式返回Enum
echo "I have an $myFruit\n";
>> I have an APPLE
通过整数获取Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::getByValue(2);
echo "Now I have an $myFruit\n";
>> Now I have an ORANGE
按名称获取Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::getByName("APPLE");
echo "But I definitely prefer an $myFruit\n\n";
>> But I definitely prefer an APPLE
枚举类:
/**
* @author Torge Kummerow
*/
class Enum {
/**
* Holds the values for each type of Enum
*/
static private $list = array();
/**
* Initializes the enum values by replacing the number with an instance of itself
* using reflection
*/
static public function initialize() {
$className = get_called_class();
$class = new ReflectionClass($className);
$staticProperties = $class->getStaticProperties();
self::$list[$className] = array();
foreach ($staticProperties as $propertyName => &$value) {
if ($propertyName == 'list')
continue;
$enum = new $className($propertyName, $value);
$class->setStaticPropertyValue($propertyName, $enum);
self::$list[$className][$propertyName] = $enum;
} unset($value);
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given value
*
* @param integer $value
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByValue($value) {
$className = get_called_class();
foreach (self::$list[$className] as $propertyName=>&$enum) {
/* @var $enum Enum */
if ($enum->value == $value)
return $enum;
} unset($enum);
throw new Exception("No such enum with value=$value of type ".get_called_class());
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given name
*
* @param string $name
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByName($name) {
$className = get_called_class();
if (array_key_exists($name, static::$list[$className]))
return self::$list[$className][$name];
throw new Exception("No such enum ".get_called_class()."::\$$name");
}
/**
* Returns the list of all enum variants
* @return Array of Enum
*/
static public function getList() {
$className = get_called_class();
return self::$list[$className];
}
private $name;
private $value;
public function __construct($name, $value) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->value = $value;
}
public function __toString() {
return $this->name;
}
public function getValue() {
return $this->value;
}
public function getName() {
return $this->name;
}
}
除了
当然,您也可以为ide添加注释
class Fruit extends Enum {
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A yummy apple
*/
static public $APPLE = 1;
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A sour orange
*/
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
//This can also go to the autoloader if available.
Fruit::initialize();
其他回答
如果你想要类型安全和一堆与该类型匹配的常量,一种方法是为你的枚举创建一个抽象类,然后用一个锁定的构造函数扩展这个类,如下所示:
abstract class DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(string $value){
$this->value = $value;
}
public function __toString(){
return $this->value;
}
}
class Monday extends DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(){
parent::__construct("Monday");
}
}
class Tuesday extends DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(){
parent::__construct("Tuesday");
}
}
然后你可以让你的方法获取DaysOfWeek的一个实例,并传递给它一个Monday、Tuesday等实例……唯一的缺点是每次你想使用你的枚举时都必须“更新”一个实例,但我发现这是值得的。
function printWeekDay(DaysOfWeek $day){
echo "Today is $day.";
}
printWeekDay(new Monday());
这是我对“动态”enum的看法…这样我就可以用变量来调用它,比如从表单中。
看看这个代码块下面的更新版本…
$value = "concert";
$Enumvalue = EnumCategory::enum($value);
//$EnumValue = 1
class EnumCategory{
const concert = 1;
const festival = 2;
const sport = 3;
const nightlife = 4;
const theatre = 5;
const musical = 6;
const cinema = 7;
const charity = 8;
const museum = 9;
const other = 10;
public function enum($string){
return constant('EnumCategory::'.$string);
}
}
更新:更好的方式做…
class EnumCategory {
static $concert = 1;
static $festival = 2;
static $sport = 3;
static $nightlife = 4;
static $theatre = 5;
static $musical = 6;
static $cinema = 7;
static $charity = 8;
static $museum = 9;
static $other = 10;
}
电话
EnumCategory::${$category};
好吧,对于一个简单的java,比如php中的enum,我使用:
class SomeTypeName {
private static $enum = array(1 => "Read", 2 => "Write");
public function toOrdinal($name) {
return array_search($name, self::$enum);
}
public function toString($ordinal) {
return self::$enum[$ordinal];
}
}
我们称它为:
SomeTypeName::toOrdinal("Read");
SomeTypeName::toString(1);
但我是PHP初学者,语法不好,所以这可能不是最好的方法。我尝试了一些类常量,使用反射从它的值中获得常量名,可能更整洁。
这可能很简单
enum DaysOfWeek {
Sunday,
Monday,
// ...
}
在未来。
枚举类型
我使用带有常量的类:
class Enum {
const NAME = 'aaaa';
const SOME_VALUE = 'bbbb';
}
print Enum::NAME;