根据我的测试，带缓冲区的NIO复制是最快的。下面的工作代码来自我在https://github.com/mhisoft/fastcopy上的一个测试项目

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;


public class test {

private static final int BUFFER = 4096*16;
static final DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#,###.##");
public static void nioBufferCopy(final File source, final File target )  {
    FileChannel in = null;
    FileChannel out = null;
    double  size=0;
    long overallT1 =  System.currentTimeMillis();

    try {
        in = new FileInputStream(source).getChannel();
        out = new FileOutputStream(target).getChannel();
        size = in.size();
        double size2InKB = size / 1024 ;
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(BUFFER);

        while (in.read(buffer) != -1) {
            buffer.flip();

            while(buffer.hasRemaining()){
                out.write(buffer);
            }

            buffer.clear();
        }
        long overallT2 =  System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println(String.format("Copied %s KB in %s millisecs", df.format(size2InKB),  (overallT2 - overallT1)));
    }
    catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    finally {
        close(in);
        close(out);
    }
}

private static void close(Closeable closable)  {
    if (closable != null) {
        try {
            closable.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            if (FastCopy.debug)
                e.printStackTrace();
        }    
    }
}

}

请注意，所有这些机制都只复制文件的内容，而不是权限等元数据。因此，如果您要复制或移动linux上的可执行.sh文件，新文件将不能执行。

为了真正地复制或移动文件，即获得与从命令行复制相同的结果，实际上需要使用本地工具。shell脚本或JNI。

显然，这可能会在java 7 - http://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2008/07/03/jsr-203-new-file-apis.html中修复。祈祷!

快速和工作与所有版本的Java和Android:

private void copy(final File f1, final File f2) throws IOException {
    f2.createNewFile();

    final RandomAccessFile file1 = new RandomAccessFile(f1, "r");
    final RandomAccessFile file2 = new RandomAccessFile(f2, "rw");

    file2.getChannel().write(file1.getChannel().map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, f1.length()));

    file1.close();
    file2.close();
}

在Java 7中很容易…

File src = new File("original.txt");
File target = new File("copy.txt");

Files.copy(src.toPath(), target.toPath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);

这里有三种方法，您可以轻松地复制文件与一行代码!

Java7:

java.nio.file.Files #副本

private static void copyFileUsingJava7Files(File source, File dest) throws IOException {
    Files.copy(source.toPath(), dest.toPath());
}

公共汽车共享10:

文件实用程序#复制文件

private static void copyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(File source, File dest) throws IOException {
    FileUtils.copyFile(source, dest);
}

番石榴:

文件#复制

private static void copyFileUsingGuava(File source,File dest) throws IOException{
    Files.copy(source,dest);          
}

虽然有点晚了，但是这里比较了使用各种文件复制方法复制一个文件所花费的时间。我循环使用这些方法10次，然后取平均值。使用IO流的文件传输似乎是最糟糕的候选者:

方法如下:

private static long fileCopyUsingFileStreams(File fileToCopy, File newFile) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(fileToCopy);
    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(newFile);
    byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    int bytesRead;
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    while ((bytesRead = input.read(buf)) > 0)
    {
        output.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);
    }
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

    input.close();
    output.close();

    return (end-start);
}

private static long fileCopyUsingNIOChannelClass(File fileToCopy, File newFile) throws IOException
{
    FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fileToCopy);
    FileChannel inChannel = inputStream.getChannel();

    FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(newFile);
    FileChannel outChannel = outputStream.getChannel();

    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    inChannel.transferTo(0, fileToCopy.length(), outChannel);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

    inputStream.close();
    outputStream.close();

    return (end-start);
}

private static long fileCopyUsingApacheCommons(File fileToCopy, File newFile) throws IOException
{
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    FileUtils.copyFile(fileToCopy, newFile);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    return (end-start);
}

private static long fileCopyUsingNIOFilesClass(File fileToCopy, File newFile) throws IOException
{
    Path source = Paths.get(fileToCopy.getPath());
    Path destination = Paths.get(newFile.getPath());
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Files.copy(source, destination, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

    return (end-start);
}

我在使用NIO通道类时看到的唯一缺点是，我似乎仍然无法找到一种方法来显示中间文件复制进度。