对于动态条件查询，我们可以根据我们的输入构造查询..在Hql查询是静态查询的情况下，一旦我们构造，我们就不能改变查询的结构。

对我来说，Criteria最大的优势是示例API，在这里你可以传递一个对象，hibernate将基于这些对象属性构建一个查询。

除此之外，标准API也有它的怪癖(我相信hibernate团队正在重做API)，比如:

a criteria.createAlias("obj")强制使用内部连接而不是可能的外部连接 您不能两次创建相同的别名 有些SQL子句没有简单的对应条件(比如子选择) 等。

当我想要类似于sql的查询时，我倾向于使用HQL(从用户中删除status='blocked')，当我不想使用字符串追加时，我倾向于使用标准。

HQL的另一个优点是您可以预先定义所有的查询，甚至可以将它们外部化到一个文件中。

HQL is to perform both select and non-select operations on the data, but Criteria is only for selecting the data, we cannot perform non-select operations using criteria HQL is suitable for executing Static Queries, where as Criteria is suitable for executing Dynamic Queries HQL doesn’t support pagination concept, but we can achieve pagination with Criteria Criteria used to take more time to execute then HQL With Criteria we are safe with SQL Injection because of its dynamic query generation but in HQL as your queries are either fixed or parametrized, there is no safe from SQL Injection.

源

Criteria api提供了一个SQL和HQL都不提供的独特特性。ie。它允许对查询进行编译时检查。

We used mainly Criteria in our application in the beginning but after it was replaced with HQL due to the performance issues. Mainly we are using very complex queries with several joins which leads to multiple queries in Criteria but is very optimized in HQL. The case is that we use just several propeties on specific object and not complete objects. With Criteria the problem was also string concatenation. Let say if you need to display name and surname of the user in HQL it is quite easy (name || ' ' || surname) but in Crteria this is not possible. To overcome this we used ResultTransormers, where there were methods where such concatenation was implemented for needed result. Today we mainly use HQL like this:

String hql = "select " +
            "c.uuid as uuid," +
            "c.name as name," +
            "c.objective as objective," +
            "c.startDate as startDate," +
            "c.endDate as endDate," +
            "c.description as description," +
            "s.status as status," +
            "t.type as type " +
            "from " + Campaign.class.getName() + " c " +
            "left join c.type t " +
            "left join c.status s";

Query query =  hibernateTemplate.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().getSession(EntityMode.MAP).createQuery(hql);
query.setResultTransformer(Transformers.ALIAS_TO_ENTITY_MAP);
return query.list();

因此，在本例中，返回的记录是所需属性的映射。

我不想在这里白费口舌，但有一点很重要，那就是Criteria查询现在已被弃用。使用HQL。