var [state,setState]=useState(defaultValue)

useEffect(()=>{
   var updatedState
   setState(currentState=>{    // Do not change the state by get the updated state
      updateState=currentState
      return currentState
   })
   alert(updateState) // the current state.
})

并不是说要这样做，但是没有useEffect做OP要求的事情并不难。

使用promise来解析setter函数体中的新状态:

const getState = <T>(
  setState: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<T>>
): Promise<T> => {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    setState((currentState: T) => {
      resolve(currentState);
      return currentState;
    });
  });
};

这就是你如何使用它(示例显示了count和outOfSyncCount/syncCount在UI渲染中的比较):

const App: React.FC = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  const [outOfSyncCount, setOutOfSyncCount] = useState(0);
  const [syncCount, setSyncCount] = useState(0);

  const handleOnClick = async () => {
    setCount(count + 1);

    // Doesn't work
    setOutOfSyncCount(count);

    // Works
    const newCount = await getState(setCount);
    setSyncCount(newCount);
  };

  return (
    <>
      <h2>Count = {count}</h2>
      <h2>Synced count = {syncCount}</h2>
      <h2>Out of sync count = {outOfSyncCount}</h2>
      <button onClick={handleOnClick}>Increment</button>
    </>
  );
};

I too was stuck with the same problem. As other answers above have clarified the error here, which is that useState is asynchronous and you are trying to use the value just after setState. It is not updating on the console.log() part because of the asynchronous nature of setState, it lets your further code to execute, while the value updating happens on the background. Thus you are getting the previous value. When the setState is completed on the background it will update the value and you will have access to that value on the next render.

如果有人有兴趣了解这个细节。这是一个关于这个话题的非常好的会议发言。

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ

不需要任何额外的NPM包

//...
const BackendPageListing = () => {
    
    const [ myData, setMyData] = useState( {
        id: 1,
        content: "abc"
    })

    const myFunction = ( x ) => {
        
        setPagenateInfo({
        ...myData,
        content: x
        })

        console.log(myData) // not reflecting change immediately

        let myDataNew = {...myData, content: x };
        
        console.log(myDataNew) // Reflecting change immediately

    }

    return (
        <>
            <button onClick={()=>{ myFunction("New Content")} }>Update MyData</button>
        </>
    )

之前答案的附加细节:

虽然React的setState是异步的(类和钩子都是异步的)，而且很容易用这个事实来解释观察到的行为，但这并不是它发生的原因。

TLDR:原因是围绕不可变const值的闭包作用域。

解决方案:

read the value in render function (not inside nested functions): useEffect(() => { setMovies(result) }, []) console.log(movies) add the variable into dependencies (and use the react-hooks/exhaustive-deps eslint rule): useEffect(() => { setMovies(result) }, []) useEffect(() => { console.log(movies) }, [movies]) use a temporary variable: useEffect(() => { const newMovies = result console.log(newMovies) setMovies(newMovies) }, []) use a mutable reference (if we don't need a state and only want to remember the value - updating a ref doesn't trigger re-render): const moviesRef = useRef(initialValue) useEffect(() => { moviesRef.current = result console.log(moviesRef.current) }, [])

解释为什么会这样:

如果async是唯一的原因，那么可以等待setState()。

然而，道具和状态都假定在1渲染期间不变。

对待这个问题。状态，仿佛它是不可变的。

对于钩子，通过使用常量值和const关键字来加强这个假设:

const [state, setState] = useState('initial')

该值在2个渲染之间可能不同，但在渲染本身和任何闭包(即使在渲染完成后仍然存在更长的函数，例如useEffect，事件处理程序，在任何Promise或setTimeout内)中保持不变。

考虑以下伪的，但是同步的，类似react的实现:

// sync implementation: let internalState let renderAgain const setState = (updateFn) => { internalState = updateFn(internalState) renderAgain() } const useState = (defaultState) => { if (!internalState) { internalState = defaultState } return [internalState, setState] } const render = (component, node) => { const {html, handleClick} = component() node.innerHTML = html renderAgain = () => render(component, node) return handleClick } // test: const MyComponent = () => { const [x, setX] = useState(1) console.log('in render:', x) // ✅ const handleClick = () => { setX(current => current + 1) console.log('in handler/effect/Promise/setTimeout:', x) // ❌ NOT updated } return { html: `<button>${x}</button>`, handleClick } } const triggerClick = render(MyComponent, document.getElementById('root')) triggerClick() triggerClick() triggerClick() <div id="root"></div>

我知道已经有很好的答案了。但我想给另一个想法如何解决同样的问题，并访问最新的'电影'状态，使用我的模块react-useStateRef。

正如你所理解的，通过使用React状态，你可以在每次状态改变时渲染页面。但是通过使用React ref，你总是可以得到最新的值。

模块react-useStateRef让你同时使用状态和ref。它与React向后兼容。useState，所以你可以替换import语句

const { useEffect } = React
import { useState } from 'react-usestateref'

  const [movies, setMovies] = useState(initialValue);

  useEffect(() => {
    (async function() {
      try {

        const result = [
          {
            id: "1546514491119",
          },
        ];
        console.log("result =", result);
        setMovies(result);
        console.log("movies =", movies.current); // will give you the latest results
      } catch (e) {
        console.error(e);
      }
    })();
  }, []);

更多信息:

react-usestsateref