如何在c#中计算两个日期之间的月差?

c#中是否有相当于VB的DateDiff()方法。我需要找出相隔数年的两个日期之间的月差。文档说我可以像这样使用TimeSpan:

TimeSpan ts = date1 - date2;

但这里的数据是以天为单位的。我不想把这个数字除以30,因为不是每个月都是30天,而且两个操作数的值相差很大,所以我担心除以30可能会得到错误的值。

有什么建议吗?


当前回答

基于上面出色的DateTimeSpan工作,我将代码规范化了一些;这似乎很有效:

public class DateTimeSpan
{
  private DateTimeSpan() { }

  private DateTimeSpan(int years, int months, int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int milliseconds)
  {
    Years = years;
    Months = months;
    Days = days;
    Hours = hours;
    Minutes = minutes;
    Seconds = seconds;
    Milliseconds = milliseconds;
  }

  public int Years { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Months { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Days { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Hours { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Minutes { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Seconds { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Milliseconds { get; private set; } = 0;

  public static DateTimeSpan CompareDates(DateTime StartDate, DateTime EndDate)
  {
    if (StartDate.Equals(EndDate)) return new DateTimeSpan();
    DateTimeSpan R = new DateTimeSpan();
    bool Later;
    if (Later = StartDate > EndDate)
    {
      DateTime D = StartDate;
      StartDate = EndDate;
      EndDate = D;
    }

    // Calculate Date Stuff
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddYears(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddYears(1), R.Years++) ;
    if (R.Years > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddYears(R.Years);
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddMonths(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddMonths(1), R.Months++) ;
    if (R.Months > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddMonths(R.Months);
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddDays(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddDays(1), R.Days++) ;
    if (R.Days > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddDays(R.Days);

    // Calculate Time Stuff
    TimeSpan T1 = EndDate - StartDate;
    R.Hours = T1.Hours;
    R.Minutes = T1.Minutes;
    R.Seconds = T1.Seconds;
    R.Milliseconds = T1.Milliseconds;

    // Return answer. Negate values if the Start Date was later than the End Date
    if (Later)
      return new DateTimeSpan(-R.Years, -R.Months, -R.Days, -R.Hours, -R.Minutes, -R.Seconds, -R.Milliseconds);
    return R;
  }
}

其他回答

你可以这样做

if ( date1.AddMonths(x) > date2 )

我当时在做一个项目,只需要几年和几个月。

/// <summary>
/// Get the total months between two date.  This will count whole months and not care about the day.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstDate">First date.</param>
/// <param name="lastDate">Last date.</param>
/// <returns>Number of month apart.</returns>
private static int GetTotalMonths(DateOnly firstDate, DateOnly lastDate)
{
    int yearsApart = lastDate.Year - firstDate.Year;
    int monthsApart = lastDate.Month - firstDate.Month;
    return (yearsApart * 12) + monthsApart;
}

private static int GetTotalMonths(DateTime firstDate, DateTime lastDate)
{
    return GetTotalMonths(DateOnly.FromDateTime(firstDate), DateOnly.FromDateTime(lastDate));
}

在我的情况下,需要计算从开始日期到下个月这一天的前一天或从月初到月底的完整月份。

例如:从1/1/2018到31/1/2018是一个完整的月 例2:从5/1/2018到4/2/2018是一个完整的月

基于此,我的解决方案如下:

public static DateTime GetMonthEnd(DateTime StartDate, int MonthsCount = 1)
{
    return StartDate.AddMonths(MonthsCount).AddDays(-1);
}
public static Tuple<int, int> CalcPeriod(DateTime StartDate, DateTime EndDate)
{
    int MonthsCount = 0;
    Tuple<int, int> Period;
    while (true)
    {
        if (GetMonthEnd(StartDate) > EndDate)
            break;
        else
        {
            MonthsCount += 1;
            StartDate = StartDate.AddMonths(1);
        }
    }
    int RemainingDays = (EndDate - StartDate).Days + 1;
    Period = new Tuple<int, int>(MonthsCount, RemainingDays);
    return Period;
}

用法:

Tuple<int, int> Period = CalcPeriod(FromDate, ToDate);

注意:在我的情况下,需要计算完整月份之后的剩余天数,所以如果不是你的情况,你可以忽略天数结果,甚至可以将方法返回值从元组更改为整数。

似乎DateTimeSpan解决方案使许多人满意。我不知道。让我们考虑一下:

BeginDate = 1972/2/29销售= 1972/4/28。

基于DateTimeSpan的答案是:

1年(s), 2个月(s)和0天(s)

我实现了一个方法,在此基础上,答案是:

1年、1个月及28天

显然没有两个月的时间。我想说的是,因为我们在开始日期的月末,剩下的实际上是整个3月加上结束日期(4月)的月份所经过的天数,所以1个月零28天。

如果你读到这里,你有兴趣,我把方法贴在下面。我在评论中解释了我所做的假设,因为有多少个月,月份的概念是一个不断变化的目标。多次测试,看看答案是否有意义。我通常选择相邻年份的考试日期,一旦我确认了答案,我就会前后移动一两天。到目前为止,它看起来不错,我相信你会发现一些bug:D。代码可能看起来有点粗糙,但我希望它足够清楚:

static void Main(string[] args) {
        DateTime EndDate = new DateTime(1973, 4, 28);
        DateTime BeginDate = new DateTime(1972, 2, 29);
        int years, months, days;
        GetYearsMonthsDays(EndDate, BeginDate, out years, out months, out days);
        Console.WriteLine($"{years} year(s), {months} month(s) and {days} day(s)");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Calculates how many years, months and days are between two dates.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// The fundamental idea here is that most of the time all of us agree
    /// that a month has passed today since the same day of the previous month.
    /// A particular case is when both days are the last days of their respective months 
    /// when again we can say one month has passed.
    /// In the following cases the idea of a month is a moving target.
    /// - When only the beginning date is the last day of the month then we're left just with 
    /// a number of days from the next month equal to the day of the month that end date represent
    /// - When only the end date is the last day of its respective month we clearly have a 
    /// whole month plus a few days after the the day of the beginning date until the end of its
    /// respective months
    /// In all the other cases we'll check
    /// - beginingDay > endDay -> less then a month just daysToEndofBeginingMonth + dayofTheEndMonth
    /// - beginingDay < endDay -> full month + (endDay - beginingDay)
    /// - beginingDay == endDay -> one full month 0 days
    /// 
    /// </remarks>
    /// 
    private static void GetYearsMonthsDays(DateTime EndDate, DateTime BeginDate, out int years, out int months, out int days ) {
        var beginMonthDays = DateTime.DaysInMonth(BeginDate.Year, BeginDate.Month);
        var endMonthDays = DateTime.DaysInMonth(EndDate.Year, EndDate.Month);
        // get the full years
        years = EndDate.Year - BeginDate.Year - 1;
        // how many full months in the first year
        var firstYearMonths = 12 - BeginDate.Month;
        // how many full months in the last year
        var endYearMonths = EndDate.Month - 1;
        // full months
        months = firstYearMonths + endYearMonths;           
        days = 0;
        // Particular end of month cases
        if(beginMonthDays == BeginDate.Day && endMonthDays == EndDate.Day) {
            months++;
        }
        else if(beginMonthDays == BeginDate.Day) {
            days += EndDate.Day;
        }
        else if(endMonthDays == EndDate.Day) {
            days += beginMonthDays - BeginDate.Day;
        }
        // For all the other cases
        else if(EndDate.Day > BeginDate.Day) {
            months++;
            days += EndDate.Day - BeginDate.Day;
        }
        else if(EndDate.Day < BeginDate.Day) {                
            days += beginMonthDays - BeginDate.Day;
            days += EndDate.Day;
        }
        else {
            months++;
        }
        if(months >= 12) {
            years++;
            months = months - 12;
        }
    }

基于上面出色的DateTimeSpan工作,我将代码规范化了一些;这似乎很有效:

public class DateTimeSpan
{
  private DateTimeSpan() { }

  private DateTimeSpan(int years, int months, int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int milliseconds)
  {
    Years = years;
    Months = months;
    Days = days;
    Hours = hours;
    Minutes = minutes;
    Seconds = seconds;
    Milliseconds = milliseconds;
  }

  public int Years { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Months { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Days { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Hours { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Minutes { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Seconds { get; private set; } = 0;
  public int Milliseconds { get; private set; } = 0;

  public static DateTimeSpan CompareDates(DateTime StartDate, DateTime EndDate)
  {
    if (StartDate.Equals(EndDate)) return new DateTimeSpan();
    DateTimeSpan R = new DateTimeSpan();
    bool Later;
    if (Later = StartDate > EndDate)
    {
      DateTime D = StartDate;
      StartDate = EndDate;
      EndDate = D;
    }

    // Calculate Date Stuff
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddYears(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddYears(1), R.Years++) ;
    if (R.Years > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddYears(R.Years);
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddMonths(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddMonths(1), R.Months++) ;
    if (R.Months > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddMonths(R.Months);
    for (DateTime D = StartDate.AddDays(1); D < EndDate; D = D.AddDays(1), R.Days++) ;
    if (R.Days > 0) StartDate = StartDate.AddDays(R.Days);

    // Calculate Time Stuff
    TimeSpan T1 = EndDate - StartDate;
    R.Hours = T1.Hours;
    R.Minutes = T1.Minutes;
    R.Seconds = T1.Seconds;
    R.Milliseconds = T1.Milliseconds;

    // Return answer. Negate values if the Start Date was later than the End Date
    if (Later)
      return new DateTimeSpan(-R.Years, -R.Months, -R.Days, -R.Hours, -R.Minutes, -R.Seconds, -R.Milliseconds);
    return R;
  }
}