这个问题肯定经常出现。

当用户在Android应用程序中编辑首选项时,我希望他们能够在首选项摘要中看到当前设置的首选项值。

例如:如果我有“丢弃旧消息”的首选项设置,该设置指定了需要清理消息的天数。在PreferenceActivity中,我想让用户看到:

"丢弃旧消息" <- title

“x天后清理消息”<- summary,其中x是当前首选项值

额外的学分:使此可重用,所以我可以很容易地将它应用到我的所有首选项,而不管它们的类型(使它与EditTextPreference, ListPreference等工作,只需最少的编码)。


当前回答

如果你使用PreferenceFragment,这就是我解决它的方法。这是不言而喻的。

public static class SettingsFragment extends PreferenceFragment implements OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.settings);
      getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences().registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
      super.onResume();
      for (int i = 0; i < getPreferenceScreen().getPreferenceCount(); ++i) {
        Preference preference = getPreferenceScreen().getPreference(i);
        if (preference instanceof PreferenceGroup) {
          PreferenceGroup preferenceGroup = (PreferenceGroup) preference;
          for (int j = 0; j < preferenceGroup.getPreferenceCount(); ++j) {
            Preference singlePref = preferenceGroup.getPreference(j);
            updatePreference(singlePref, singlePref.getKey());
          }
        } else {
          updatePreference(preference, preference.getKey());
        }
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) {
      updatePreference(findPreference(key), key);
    }

    private void updatePreference(Preference preference, String key) {
      if (preference == null) return;
      if (preference instanceof ListPreference) {
        ListPreference listPreference = (ListPreference) preference;
        listPreference.setSummary(listPreference.getEntry());
        return;
      }
      SharedPreferences sharedPrefs = getPreferenceManager().getSharedPreferences();
      preference.setSummary(sharedPrefs.getString(key, "Default"));
    }
  }

其他回答

我的解决方案是创建一个自定义的EditTextPreference,像这样在XML中使用:EditTextPreference android:title="示例title " />

EditTextPreference.java: -

package com.example;

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;

public class EditTextPreference extends android.preference.EditTextPreference
{
    public EditTextPreference(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle)
    {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    public EditTextPreference(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public EditTextPreference(Context context)
    {
        super(context, null);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDialogClosed(boolean positiveResult)
    {
        super.onDialogClosed(positiveResult);

        setSummary(getSummary());
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getSummary()
    {
        return getText();
    }
}

如果您只想显示每个字段的纯文本值作为摘要,那么下面的代码应该是最容易维护的。它只需要两处更改(第13行和第21行,标记为“此处更改”):

package com.my.package;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.EditTextPreference;
import android.preference.ListPreference;
import android.preference.Preference;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;

public class PreferencesActivity extends PreferenceActivity implements OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener {

    private final String[] mAutoSummaryFields = { "pref_key1", "pref_key2", "pref_key3" }; // change here
    private final int mEntryCount = mAutoSummaryFields.length;
    private Preference[] mPreferenceEntries;

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preferences_file); // change here
        mPreferenceEntries = new Preference[mEntryCount];
        for (int i = 0; i < mEntryCount; i++) {
            mPreferenceEntries[i] = getPreferenceScreen().findPreference(mAutoSummaryFields[i]);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        for (int i = 0; i < mEntryCount; i++) {
            updateSummary(mAutoSummaryFields[i]); // initialization
        }
        getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences().registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this); // register change listener
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences().unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this); // unregister change listener
    }

    private void updateSummary(String key) {
        for (int i = 0; i < mEntryCount; i++) {
            if (key.equals(mAutoSummaryFields[i])) {
                if (mPreferenceEntries[i] instanceof EditTextPreference) {
                    final EditTextPreference currentPreference = (EditTextPreference) mPreferenceEntries[i];
                    mPreferenceEntries[i].setSummary(currentPreference.getText());
                }
                else if (mPreferenceEntries[i] instanceof ListPreference) {
                    final ListPreference currentPreference = (ListPreference) mPreferenceEntries[i];
                    mPreferenceEntries[i].setSummary(currentPreference.getEntry());
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) {
        updateSummary(key);
    }

}

以下是我的解决方案:

构建一个首选项类型“getter”方法。

protected String getPreference(Preference x) {
    // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3993982/how-to-check-type-of-variable-in-java
    if (x instanceof CheckBoxPreference)
        return "CheckBoxPreference";
    else if (x instanceof EditTextPreference)
        return "EditTextPreference";
    else if (x instanceof ListPreference)
        return "ListPreference";
    else if (x instanceof MultiSelectListPreference)
        return "MultiSelectListPreference";
    else if (x instanceof RingtonePreference)
        return "RingtonePreference";
    else if (x instanceof SwitchPreference)
        return "SwitchPreference";
    else if (x instanceof TwoStatePreference)
        return "TwoStatePreference";
    else if (x instanceof DialogPreference) // Needs to be after ListPreference
        return "DialogPreference";
    else
        return "undefined";
}

构建一个'setSummaryInit'方法。

public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences prefs, String key) {
        Log.i(TAG, "+ onSharedPreferenceChanged(prefs:" + prefs + ", key:" + key + ")");
        if( key != null ) {
            updatePreference(prefs, key);
            setSummary(key);
        } else {
            Log.e(TAG, "Preference without key!");
        }
        Log.i(TAG, "- onSharedPreferenceChanged()");
    }

    protected boolean setSummary() {
        return _setSummary(null);
    }
    
    protected boolean setSummary(String sKey) {
        return _setSummary(sKey);
    }
    
    private boolean _setSummary(String sKey) {
        if (sKey == null) Log.i(TAG, "Initializing");
        else Log.i(TAG, sKey);
        
        // Get Preferences
        SharedPreferences sharedPrefs = PreferenceManager
                .getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);

        // Iterate through all Shared Preferences
        // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9310479/how-to-iterate-through-all-keys-of-shared-preferences
        Map<String, ?> keys = sharedPrefs.getAll();
        for (Map.Entry<String, ?> entry : keys.entrySet()) {
            String key = entry.getKey();
            // Do work only if initializing (null) or updating specific preference key
            if ( (sKey == null) || (sKey.equals(key)) ) {
                String value = entry.getValue().toString();
                Preference pref = findPreference(key);
                String preference = getPreference(pref);
                Log.d("map values", key + " | " + value + " | " + preference);
                pref.setSummary(key + " | " + value + " | " + preference);
                if (sKey != null) return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    private void updatePreference(SharedPreferences prefs, String key) {
        Log.i(TAG, "+ updatePreference(prefs:" + prefs + ", key:" + key + ")");
        Preference pref = findPreference(key);
        String preferenceType = getPreference(pref);
        Log.i(TAG, "preferenceType = " + preferenceType);
        Log.i(TAG, "- updatePreference()");
    }

初始化

创建一个公共类PreferenceActivity并实现OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(this, R.xml.global_preferences,
    false);
    this.addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.global_preferences);
    this.getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences()
        .registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
}

protected void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    setSummary();
}

这是将摘要设置为所选值所需的代码。它还在启动时设置值,并尊重默认值,而不仅仅是在更改时。只需要改变“r.b olayout”。并根据需要扩展setsummary -方法。它实际上只处理ListPreferences,但是很容易定制以尊重其他Preferences。

package de.koem.timetunnel;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.ListPreference;
import android.preference.Preference;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;
import android.preference.PreferenceGroup;

public class Prefs 
    extends PreferenceActivity 
    implements OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener {

   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

       this.addPreferencesFromResource(R.layout.prefs);
       this.initSummaries(this.getPreferenceScreen());

       this.getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences()
           .registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
    }

  /**
    * Set the summaries of all preferences
    */
  private void initSummaries(PreferenceGroup pg) {
      for (int i = 0; i < pg.getPreferenceCount(); ++i) {
          Preference p = pg.getPreference(i);
          if (p instanceof PreferenceGroup)
              this.initSummaries((PreferenceGroup) p); // recursion
          else
              this.setSummary(p);
      }
  }

  /**
    * Set the summaries of the given preference
    */
  private void setSummary(Preference pref) {
      // react on type or key
      if (pref instanceof ListPreference) {
          ListPreference listPref = (ListPreference) pref;
          pref.setSummary(listPref.getEntry());
      }
  }

  /**
    * used to change the summary of a preference
    */
  public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sp, String key) {
     Preference pref = findPreference(key);
     this.setSummary(pref);
  }

  // private static final String LOGTAG = "Prefs";
}

koem

你必须在onCreate方法上使用bindPreferenceSummaryToValue函数。

例子:

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // Add 'general' preferences, defined in the XML file
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_general);

        // For all preferences, attach an OnPreferenceChangeListener so the UI summary can be
        // updated when the preference changes.
        bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference(getString(R.string.pref_location_key)));
        bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference(getString(R.string.pref_units_key)));
    }

参见Udacity Android课程的第3课:https://www.udacity.com/course/viewer#!/ c-ud853 / l - 1474559101 / e - 1643578599 / m - 1474559101