这个问题肯定经常出现。
当用户在Android应用程序中编辑首选项时，我希望他们能够在首选项摘要中看到当前设置的首选项值。
例如:如果我有“丢弃旧消息”的首选项设置，该设置指定了需要清理消息的天数。在PreferenceActivity中，我想让用户看到:
"丢弃旧消息" <- title
“x天后清理消息”<- summary，其中x是当前首选项值
额外的学分:使此可重用，所以我可以很容易地将它应用到我的所有首选项，而不管它们的类型(使它与EditTextPreference, ListPreference等工作，只需最少的编码)。
当前回答
因为我使用了一个自定义PreferenceDataStore，我不能添加一个监听器到一些SharedPreference，所以我不得不写一个有点hack的解决方案，监听每个偏好:
class SettingsFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat(), Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener {
private val handler: Handler by lazy { Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()) }
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
preferenceManager.preferenceDataStore = prefs
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.app_preferences)
onPreferenceChange(preferenceScreen, null)
}
override fun onPreferenceChange(preference: Preference, newValue: Any?): Boolean {
preference.onPreferenceChangeListener = this
when (preference) {
is PreferenceGroup -> for (i in 0 until preference.preferenceCount) {
onPreferenceChange(preference.getPreference(i), null)
}
is ListPreference -> {
if (preference.value == null) {
preference.isPersistent = false
preference.value = Preference::class.java.getDeclaredField("mDefaultValue")
.apply { isAccessible = true }
.get(preference).toString()
preference.isPersistent = true
}
postPreferenceUpdate(Runnable { preference.summary = preference.entry })
}
}
return true
}
/**
* We can't directly update the preference summary update because [onPreferenceChange]'s result
* is used to decide whether or not to update the pref value.
*/
private fun postPreferenceUpdate(r: Runnable) = handler.post(r)
}
其他回答
要将ListPreference的摘要设置为对话框中选择的值，您可以使用以下代码:
package yourpackage;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
public class ListPreference extends android.preference.ListPreference {
public ListPreference(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
protected void onDialogClosed(boolean positiveResult) {
super.onDialogClosed(positiveResult);
if (positiveResult) setSummary(getEntry());
}
protected void onSetInitialValue(boolean restoreValue, Object defaultValue) {
super.onSetInitialValue(restoreValue, defaultValue);
setSummary(getEntry());
}
}
参考你的包。记住在你的preferences.xml中指定你的android:defaultValue作为触发onSetInitialValue()的调用。
如果您愿意，可以在调用setSummary()之前修改文本，以适合您的应用程序。
我的选择是扩展ListPreference，它是干净的:
public class ListPreferenceShowSummary extends ListPreference {
private final static String TAG = ListPreferenceShowSummary.class.getName();
public ListPreferenceShowSummary(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
public ListPreferenceShowSummary(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
private void init() {
setOnPreferenceChangeListener(new OnPreferenceChangeListener() {
@Override
public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference arg0, Object arg1) {
arg0.setSummary(getEntry());
return true;
}
});
}
@Override
public CharSequence getSummary() {
return super.getEntry();
}
}
然后你添加你的settings.xml:
<yourpackage.ListPreferenceShowSummary
android:key="key" android:title="title"
android:entries="@array/entries" android:entryValues="@array/values"
android:defaultValue="first value"/>
下面是一个基于@tdeveaux答案的PreferenceFragment内所有EditTextPreferences的工作解决方案:
public class SettingsFragment extends PreferenceFragment implements SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener {
private static final String TAG = "SettingsFragment";
@Override
public void onCreate (Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preferences);
getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences().registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onResume () {
super.onResume();
for (int i = 0; i < getPreferenceScreen().getPreferenceCount(); ++i) {
Preference preference = getPreferenceScreen().getPreference(i);
updatePreference(preference);
}
}
@Override
public void onSharedPreferenceChanged (SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) {
updatePreference(findPreference(key));
}
private void updatePreference (Preference preference) {
if (preference instanceof EditTextPreference) {
EditTextPreference editTextPreference = (EditTextPreference)preference;
editTextPreference.setSummary(editTextPreference.getText());
}
}
}
FYI:
findPreference(CharSequence key)
This method was deprecated in API level 11. This function is not relevant
for a modern fragment-based PreferenceActivity.
更有理由看看上面@ASD的非常圆滑的答案(来源在这里找到)，它说在android:summary中对preferences.xml中的每个字段使用%s。(首选项的当前值替换为%s。)
<ListPreference
...
android:summary="Length of longest word to return as match is %s"
...
/>
以下是我的解决方案:
构建一个首选项类型“getter”方法。
protected String getPreference(Preference x) {
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3993982/how-to-check-type-of-variable-in-java
if (x instanceof CheckBoxPreference)
return "CheckBoxPreference";
else if (x instanceof EditTextPreference)
return "EditTextPreference";
else if (x instanceof ListPreference)
return "ListPreference";
else if (x instanceof MultiSelectListPreference)
return "MultiSelectListPreference";
else if (x instanceof RingtonePreference)
return "RingtonePreference";
else if (x instanceof SwitchPreference)
return "SwitchPreference";
else if (x instanceof TwoStatePreference)
return "TwoStatePreference";
else if (x instanceof DialogPreference) // Needs to be after ListPreference
return "DialogPreference";
else
return "undefined";
}
构建一个'setSummaryInit'方法。
public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences prefs, String key) {
Log.i(TAG, "+ onSharedPreferenceChanged(prefs:" + prefs + ", key:" + key + ")");
if( key != null ) {
updatePreference(prefs, key);
setSummary(key);
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "Preference without key!");
}
Log.i(TAG, "- onSharedPreferenceChanged()");
}
protected boolean setSummary() {
return _setSummary(null);
}
protected boolean setSummary(String sKey) {
return _setSummary(sKey);
}
private boolean _setSummary(String sKey) {
if (sKey == null) Log.i(TAG, "Initializing");
else Log.i(TAG, sKey);
// Get Preferences
SharedPreferences sharedPrefs = PreferenceManager
.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
// Iterate through all Shared Preferences
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9310479/how-to-iterate-through-all-keys-of-shared-preferences
Map<String, ?> keys = sharedPrefs.getAll();
for (Map.Entry<String, ?> entry : keys.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
// Do work only if initializing (null) or updating specific preference key
if ( (sKey == null) || (sKey.equals(key)) ) {
String value = entry.getValue().toString();
Preference pref = findPreference(key);
String preference = getPreference(pref);
Log.d("map values", key + " | " + value + " | " + preference);
pref.setSummary(key + " | " + value + " | " + preference);
if (sKey != null) return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private void updatePreference(SharedPreferences prefs, String key) {
Log.i(TAG, "+ updatePreference(prefs:" + prefs + ", key:" + key + ")");
Preference pref = findPreference(key);
String preferenceType = getPreference(pref);
Log.i(TAG, "preferenceType = " + preferenceType);
Log.i(TAG, "- updatePreference()");
}
初始化
创建一个公共类PreferenceActivity并实现OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(this, R.xml.global_preferences,
false);
this.addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.global_preferences);
this.getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences()
.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
}
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
setSummary();
}
