我在iBooks上读了苹果的编程语言Swift,但不知道如何在Swift中发出HTTP请求(类似cURL)。我需要导入Obj-C类还是只需要导入默认库?或者不能基于原生Swift代码进行HTTP请求?
当前回答
更新:Xcode 13.0和Swift 5+
获取HTTP请求
let url = URL(string: "URL HERE")! //PUT Your URL
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "GET"
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
guard let safeData = data,
let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse,
error == nil else { // check for fundamental networking error
print("error", error ?? "Unknown error")
delegate?.onError(error!)
return
}
guard (200 ... 299) ~= response.statusCode else { // check for http errors
print("statusCode should be 2xx, but is \(response.statusCode)")
print("response = \(response)")
return
}
let responseString = String(data: safeData, encoding: .utf8)
print("Response String = \(responseString)")
}
task.resume()
其他回答
//这是一个对我有用的例子
//发送请求到服务器的Swift函数
func insertRecords()
{
let usrID = txtID.text
let checkin = lblInOut.text
let comment = txtComment.text
// The address of the web service
let urlString = "http://your_url/checkInOut_post.php"
// These are the keys that your are sending as part of the post request
let keyValues = "id=\(usrID)&inout=\(checkin)&comment=\(comment)"
// 1 - Create the session by getting the configuration and then
// creating the session
let config = NSURLSessionConfiguration.defaultSessionConfiguration()
let session = NSURLSession(configuration: config, delegate: nil, delegateQueue: nil)
// 2 - Create the URL Object
if let url = NSURL(string: urlString){
// 3 - Create the Request Object
var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
// set the key values
request.HTTPBody = keyValues.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding);
// 4 - execute the request
let taskData = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {
(data:NSData!, response:NSURLResponse!, error:NSError!) -> Void in
println("\(data)")
// 5 - Do something with the Data back
if (data != nil) {
// we got some data back
println("\(data)")
let result = NSString(data: data , encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
println("\(result)")
if result == "OK" {
let a = UIAlertView(title: "OK", message: "Attendece has been recorded", delegate: nil, cancelButtonTitle: "OK")
println("\(result)")
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
a.show()
}
} else {
// display error and do something else
}
} else
{ // we got an error
println("Error getting stores :\(error.localizedDescription)")
}
})
taskData.resume()
}
}
PHP代码来获取键值
$empID = $_POST['id'];
$inOut = $_POST['inout'];
$comment = $_POST['comment'];
另一个选择是Alamofire库,它提供了可链请求/响应方法。
https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire
提出请求
import Alamofire
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get")
响应处理
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
.response { request, response, data, error in
print(request)
print(response)
print(error)
}
下面是在Linux上使用Swift进行HTTP请求的从头到尾的说明。
首先创建一个SwiftPM包
mkdir swift-http && cd swift-http && swift package init --type executable
然后替换。/Sources/swift-http/main.swift 代码如下:
import Foundation
import FoundationNetworking
let sema = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: URL(string: "http://numbersapi.com/42")!) {(data, response, error) in
print(String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8) ?? String(describing: error))
sema.signal()
}.resume()
sema.wait()
然后运行代码
swift run
输出的例子:
[6/6] Build complete!
42 is the answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything.
注意:使用DispatchSemaphore是为了使程序在得到响应之前不会退出。
你也可以这样做:
import Foundation
import FoundationNetworking
var done = false
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: URL(string: "http://numbersapi.com/42")!) {(data, response, error) in
print(String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8) ?? String(describing: error))
done = true
}.resume()
while !done { Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 1) }
var post:NSString = "api=myposts&userid=\(uid)&page_no=0&limit_no=10"
NSLog("PostData: %@",post);
var url1:NSURL = NSURL(string: url)!
var postData:NSData = post.dataUsingEncoding(NSASCIIStringEncoding)!
var postLength:NSString = String( postData.length )
var request:NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url1)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.HTTPBody = postData
request.setValue(postLength, forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
var reponseError: NSError?
var response: NSURLResponse?
var urlData: NSData? = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse:&response, error:&reponseError)
if ( urlData != nil ) {
let res = response as NSHTTPURLResponse!;
NSLog("Response code: %ld", res.statusCode);
if (res.statusCode >= 200 && res.statusCode < 300)
{
var responseData:NSString = NSString(data:urlData!, encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
NSLog("Response ==> %@", responseData);
var error: NSError?
let jsonData:NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(urlData!, options:NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers , error: &error) as NSDictionary
let success:NSInteger = jsonData.valueForKey("error") as NSInteger
//[jsonData[@"success"] integerValue];
NSLog("Success: %ld", success);
if(success == 0)
{
NSLog("Login SUCCESS");
self.dataArr = jsonData.valueForKey("data") as NSMutableArray
self.table.reloadData()
} else {
NSLog("Login failed1");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
} else {
NSLog("Login failed2");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
} else {
NSLog("Login failed3");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
它一定会对你有帮助
你可以使用Just,一个python-requests风格的HTTP库。
使用Just发送HTTP请求的示例:
// synchronous GET request with URL query a=1
let r = Just.get("https://httpbin.org/get", params:["a":1])
// asynchronous POST request with form value and file uploads
Just.post(
"http://justiceleauge.org/member/register",
data: ["username": "barryallen", "password":"ReverseF1ashSucks"],
files: ["profile_photo": .URL(fileURLWithPath:"flash.jpeg", nil)]
) { (r)
if (r.ok) { /* success! */ }
}
在这两种情况下,可以通过类似于python-request的方式访问请求r的结果:
r.ok // is the response successful?
r.statusCode // status code of response
r.content // response body as NSData?
r.text // response body as text?
r.json // response body parsed by NSJSONSerielization
你可以在这个操场上找到更多的例子
在操场上以同步模式使用这个库是Swift中最接近cURL的东西。
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