我在iBooks上读了苹果的编程语言Swift,但不知道如何在Swift中发出HTTP请求(类似cURL)。我需要导入Obj-C类还是只需要导入默认库?或者不能基于原生Swift代码进行HTTP请求?
当前回答
在Swift 4.1和Xcode 9.4.1中。
JSON POST方法示例。要检查互联网连接,从https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/samplecode/Reachability/Introduction/Intro.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/DTS40007324-Intro-DontLinkElementID_2添加Reachability.h & .m文件
func yourFunctionName {
//Check internet connection
let networkReachability = Reachability.forInternetConnection()
let networkStatus:Int = (networkReachability?.currentReachabilityStatus())!.rawValue
print(networkStatus)
if networkStatus == NotReachable.rawValue {
let msg = SharedClass.sharedInstance.noNetMsg//Message
//Call alert from shared class
SharedClass.sharedInstance.alert(view: self, title: "", message: msg)
} else {
//Call spinner from shared class
SharedClass.sharedInstance.activityIndicator(view: self.view)//Play spinner
let parameters = "Your parameters here"
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: url)!)
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.httpMethod = "POST"
print("URL : \(request)")
request.httpBody = parameters.data(using: .utf8)
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in guard let data = data, error == nil else { // check for fundamental networking error
//Stop spinner
SharedClass.sharedInstance.stopActivityIndicator() //Stop spinner
//Print error in alert
SharedClass.sharedInstance.alert(view: self, title: "", message: "\(String(describing: error!.localizedDescription))")
return
}
SharedClass.sharedInstance.stopActivityIndicator() //Stop spinner
if let httpStatus = response as? HTTPURLResponse, httpStatus.statusCode != 200 { // check for http errors
print("statusCode should be 200, but is \(httpStatus.statusCode)")
print("response = \(String(describing: response))")
}
do {
let response = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: AnyObject]
print(response!)
//Your code here
} catch let error as NSError {
print(error)
}
}
task.resume()
}
}
如果你有兴趣在SharedClass中使用这个函数
//My shared class
import UIKit
class SharedClass: NSObject {
static let sharedInstance = SharedClass()
func postRequestFunction(apiName: String , parameters: String, onCompletion: @escaping (_ success: Bool, _ error: Error?, _ result: [String: Any]?)->()) {
var URL = "your URL here/index.php/***?"
URL = URL.replacingOccurrences(of: "***", with: apiName)
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: URL)!)
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.httpMethod = "POST"
print("shared URL : \(request)")
request.httpBody = parameters.data(using: .utf8)
var returnRes:[String:Any] = [:]
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
if let error = error {
onCompletion(false, error, nil)
} else {
guard let data = data else {
onCompletion(false, error, nil)
return
}
if let httpStatus = response as? HTTPURLResponse, httpStatus.statusCode == 200 {
do {
returnRes = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! [String : Any]
onCompletion(true, nil, returnRes)
} catch let error as NSError {
onCompletion(false, error, nil)
}
} else {
onCompletion(false, error, nil)
}
}
}
task.resume()
}
private override init() {
}
最后像这样调用这个函数....
SharedClass.sharedInstance.postRequestFunction(apiName: "Your API name", parameters: parameters) { (success, error, result) in
print(result!)
if success {
//Your code here
} else {
print(error?.localizedDescription ?? "")
}
}
其他回答
你可以使用Just,一个python-requests风格的HTTP库。
使用Just发送HTTP请求的示例:
// synchronous GET request with URL query a=1
let r = Just.get("https://httpbin.org/get", params:["a":1])
// asynchronous POST request with form value and file uploads
Just.post(
"http://justiceleauge.org/member/register",
data: ["username": "barryallen", "password":"ReverseF1ashSucks"],
files: ["profile_photo": .URL(fileURLWithPath:"flash.jpeg", nil)]
) { (r)
if (r.ok) { /* success! */ }
}
在这两种情况下,可以通过类似于python-request的方式访问请求r的结果:
r.ok // is the response successful?
r.statusCode // status code of response
r.content // response body as NSData?
r.text // response body as text?
r.json // response body parsed by NSJSONSerielization
你可以在这个操场上找到更多的例子
在操场上以同步模式使用这个库是Swift中最接近cURL的东西。
我调用json登录按钮点击
@IBAction func loginClicked(sender : AnyObject) {
var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: kLoginURL)) // Here, kLogin contains the Login API.
var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
var err: NSError?
request.HTTPBody = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(self.criteriaDic(), options: nil, error: &err) // This Line fills the web service with required parameters.
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
var task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
var strData = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
var err1: NSError?
var json2 = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(strData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding), options: .MutableLeaves, error:&err1 ) as NSDictionary
println("json2 :\(json2)")
if(err) {
println(err!.localizedDescription)
}
else {
var success = json2["success"] as? Int
println("Success: \(success)")
}
})
task.resume()
}
在这里,我为参数创建了一个单独的字典。
var params = ["format":"json", "MobileType":"IOS","MIN":"f8d16d98ad12acdbbe1de647414495ec","UserName":emailTxtField.text,"PWD":passwordTxtField.text,"SigninVia":"SH"]as NSDictionary
return params
}
// You can add your own sets of parameter here.
var post:NSString = "api=myposts&userid=\(uid)&page_no=0&limit_no=10"
NSLog("PostData: %@",post);
var url1:NSURL = NSURL(string: url)!
var postData:NSData = post.dataUsingEncoding(NSASCIIStringEncoding)!
var postLength:NSString = String( postData.length )
var request:NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url1)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.HTTPBody = postData
request.setValue(postLength, forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
var reponseError: NSError?
var response: NSURLResponse?
var urlData: NSData? = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse:&response, error:&reponseError)
if ( urlData != nil ) {
let res = response as NSHTTPURLResponse!;
NSLog("Response code: %ld", res.statusCode);
if (res.statusCode >= 200 && res.statusCode < 300)
{
var responseData:NSString = NSString(data:urlData!, encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
NSLog("Response ==> %@", responseData);
var error: NSError?
let jsonData:NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(urlData!, options:NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers , error: &error) as NSDictionary
let success:NSInteger = jsonData.valueForKey("error") as NSInteger
//[jsonData[@"success"] integerValue];
NSLog("Success: %ld", success);
if(success == 0)
{
NSLog("Login SUCCESS");
self.dataArr = jsonData.valueForKey("data") as NSMutableArray
self.table.reloadData()
} else {
NSLog("Login failed1");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
} else {
NSLog("Login failed2");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
} else {
NSLog("Login failed3");
ZAActivityBar.showErrorWithStatus("error", forAction: "Action2")
}
它一定会对你有帮助
我已经完成了HTTP请求两种方法GET和POST与JSON解析的方式:
在viewDidLoad ():
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
makeGetRequest()
makePostRequest()
}
func makePostRequest(){
let urlPath: String = "http://www.swiftdeveloperblog.com/http-post-example-script/"
var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
var request: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
var stringPost="firstName=James&lastName=Bond" // Key and Value
let data = stringPost.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
request.timeoutInterval = 60
request.HTTPBody=data
request.HTTPShouldHandleCookies=false
let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()
NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue(), completionHandler:{ (response:NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
var error: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSError?> = nil
let jsonResult: NSDictionary! = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options:NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: error) as? NSDictionary
if (jsonResult != nil) {
// Success
println(jsonResult)
let message = jsonResult["Message"] as! NSString
println(message)
}else {
// Failed
println("Failed")
}
})
}
func makeGetRequest(){
var url : String = "http://api.androidhive.info/contacts/"
var request : NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest()
request.URL = NSURL(string: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "GET"
request.timeoutInterval = 60
NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue(), completionHandler:{ (response:NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
var error: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSError?> = nil
let jsonResult: NSDictionary! = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options:NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: error) as? NSDictionary
if (jsonResult != nil) {
// Success
println(jsonResult)
let dataArray = jsonResult["contacts"] as! NSArray;
for item in dataArray { // loop through data items
let obj = item as! NSDictionary
for (key, value) in obj {
println("Key: \(key) - Value: \(value)")
let phone = obj["phone"] as! NSDictionary;
let mobile = phone["mobile"] as! NSString
println(mobile)
let home = phone["home"] as! NSString
println(home)
let office = phone["office"] as! NSString
println(office)
}
}
} else {
// Failed
println("Failed")
}
})
}
Done
答:吻
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: URL(string: "https://google.com")!) {(data, response, error) in
print(String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8))
}.resume()
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