我在iBooks上读了苹果的编程语言Swift,但不知道如何在Swift中发出HTTP请求(类似cURL)。我需要导入Obj-C类还是只需要导入默认库?或者不能基于原生Swift代码进行HTTP请求?


当前回答

基本的Swift 3+解决方案

guard let url = URL(string: "http://www.stackoverflow.com") else { return }

let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { data, response, error in

  guard let data = data, error == nil else { return }

  print(NSString(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue))
}

task.resume()

其他回答

细节

Xcode 9.2, Swift 4 Xcode 10.2.1 (10E1001)

Info.plist

NSApp传输安全

添加到info plist:

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

Alamofire样本

Alamofire

import Alamofire

class AlamofireDataManager {
    fileprivate let queue: DispatchQueue
    init(queue: DispatchQueue) { self.queue = queue }

    private func createError(message: String, code: Int) -> Error {
        return NSError(domain: "dataManager", code: code, userInfo: ["message": message ])
    }

    private func make(session: URLSession = URLSession.shared, request: URLRequest, closure: ((Result<[String: Any]>) -> Void)?) {
        Alamofire.request(request).responseJSON { response in
            let complete: (Result<[String: Any]>) ->() = { result in DispatchQueue.main.async { closure?(result) } }
            switch response.result {
                case .success(let value): complete(.success(value as! [String: Any]))
                case .failure(let error): complete(.failure(error))
            }
        }
    }

    func searchRequest(term: String, closure: ((Result<[String: Any]>) -> Void)?) {
        guard let url = URL(string: "https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))") else { return }
        let request = URLRequest(url: url)
        make(request: request) { response in closure?(response) }
    }
}

Alamofire样品的使用

private lazy var alamofireDataManager = AlamofireDataManager(queue: DispatchQueue(label: "DataManager.queue", qos: .utility))
//.........

alamofireDataManager.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson") { result in
      print(result.value ?? "no data")
      print(result.error ?? "no error")
}

URLSession样本

import Foundation

class DataManager {

    fileprivate let queue: DispatchQueue
        init(queue: DispatchQueue) { self.queue = queue }

    private func createError(message: String, code: Int) -> Error {
        return NSError(domain: "dataManager", code: code, userInfo: ["message": message ])
    }

    private func make(session: URLSession = URLSession.shared, request: URLRequest, closure: ((_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?)->Void)?) {
        let task = session.dataTask(with: request) { [weak self] data, response, error in
            self?.queue.async {
                let complete: (_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?) ->() = { json, error in DispatchQueue.main.async { closure?(json, error) } }

                guard let self = self, error == nil else { complete(nil, error); return }
                guard let data = data else { complete(nil, self.createError(message: "No data", code: 999)); return }

                do {
                    if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: Any] {
                        complete(json, nil)
                    }
                } catch let error { complete(nil, error); return }
            }
        }

        task.resume()
    }

    func searchRequest(term: String, closure: ((_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?)->Void)?) {
        let url = URL(string: "https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))")
        let request = URLRequest(url: url!)
        make(request: request) { json, error in closure?(json, error) }
    }
}

URLSession示例的使用

private lazy var dataManager = DataManager(queue: DispatchQueue(label: "DataManager.queue", qos: .utility))
// .......
dataManager.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson") { json, error  in
      print(error ?? "nil")
      print(json ?? "nil")
      print("Update views")
}

结果

下面给出了一个“GET”请求示例。

let urlString = "YOUR_GET_URL"
let yourURL = URL(string: urlstring)
let dataTask = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: yourURL) { (data, response, error) in
do {
    let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: .mutableContainers)
    print("json --- \(json)")
    }catch let err {
    print("err---\(err.localizedDescription)")
    }
   }
dataTask.resume()

你可以使用Just,一个python-requests风格的HTTP库。

使用Just发送HTTP请求的示例:

// synchronous GET request with URL query a=1
let r = Just.get("https://httpbin.org/get", params:["a":1])

// asynchronous POST request with form value and file uploads
Just.post(
    "http://justiceleauge.org/member/register",
    data: ["username": "barryallen", "password":"ReverseF1ashSucks"],
    files: ["profile_photo": .URL(fileURLWithPath:"flash.jpeg", nil)]
) { (r)
    if (r.ok) { /* success! */ }
}

在这两种情况下,可以通过类似于python-request的方式访问请求r的结果:

r.ok            // is the response successful?
r.statusCode    // status code of response
r.content       // response body as NSData?
r.text          // response body as text?
r.json          // response body parsed by NSJSONSerielization

你可以在这个操场上找到更多的例子

在操场上以同步模式使用这个库是Swift中最接近cURL的东西。

答:吻

URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: URL(string: "https://google.com")!) {(data, response, error) in
    print(String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8))
}.resume()

我调用json登录按钮点击

@IBAction func loginClicked(sender : AnyObject) {

    var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: kLoginURL)) // Here, kLogin contains the Login API.

    var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()

    request.HTTPMethod = "POST"

    var err: NSError?
    request.HTTPBody = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(self.criteriaDic(), options: nil, error: &err) // This Line fills the web service with required parameters.
    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

    var task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
        var strData = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
        var err1: NSError?
        var json2 = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(strData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding), options: .MutableLeaves, error:&err1 ) as NSDictionary

        println("json2 :\(json2)")

        if(err) {
            println(err!.localizedDescription)
        }
        else {
            var success = json2["success"] as? Int
            println("Success: \(success)")
        }
    })

    task.resume()
}

在这里,我为参数创建了一个单独的字典。

var params = ["format":"json", "MobileType":"IOS","MIN":"f8d16d98ad12acdbbe1de647414495ec","UserName":emailTxtField.text,"PWD":passwordTxtField.text,"SigninVia":"SH"]as NSDictionary
    return params
}

// You can add your own sets of parameter here.