这是一个更简单的答案:

public String getMyPhoneNumber()
{
    return ((TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE))
            .getLine1Number();
}

while working on a security app which needed to get the phone number of who so ever my phone might get into their hands, I had to do this; 1. receive Boot completed and then try getting Line1_Number from telephonyManager which returns a string result. 2. compare the String result with my own phone number and if they don't match or string returns null then, 3. secretly send an SMS containing the string result plus a special sign to my office number. 4. if message sending fails, start a service and keep trying after each hour until sent SMS pending intent returns successful. With this steps I could get the number of the person using my lost phone. it doesn't matter if the person is charged.

虽然你可以有多个语音信箱帐号，但当你用自己的号码打电话时，运营商会把你转到语音信箱。因此，telephonymanager。getvoicemailnumber()或telephonymanager。getcompletevoicemailnumber()，这取决于你需要的风格。

希望这能有所帮助。

TelephonyManager不是正确的解决方案，因为在某些情况下，号码没有存储在SIM卡中。我建议您在应用程序第一次打开时使用共享首选项存储用户的电话号码，并且在需要时使用该号码。

我注意到有几个回复都发了同样的东西。首先，从2021年开始，onActivityResult已弃用。下面是不弃用的解决方案。

private fun requestHint() {

    val hintRequest = HintRequest.Builder()
        .setPhoneNumberIdentifierSupported(true)
        .build()

    val intent = Credentials.getClient(this).getHintPickerIntent(hintRequest)
    val intentSender = IntentSenderRequest.Builder(intent.intentSender).build()

    val resultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
        ActivityResultContracts.StartIntentSenderForResult()
    ) { result ->
        if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            val credential: Credential? = result.data?.getParcelableExtra(Credential.EXTRA_KEY)
            // Phone number with country code
            Log.i("mTag", "Selected phone No: ${credential?.id}")
        }
    }
    resultLauncher.launch(intentSender)
}

注意:虽然很多人认为这可以让你检索用户的手机号码。通常情况并非如此。谷歌播放服务缓存了几个电话号码，有时对话框显示电话号码，其中不属于用户。

一个重要的导入。com.google.android.gms.auth.api.credentials.Credential

参考文档提供了详细信息，但代码有些不推荐。

有时，下面的代码返回null或空白字符串。

TelephonyManager tMgr = (TelephonyManager)mAppContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String mPhoneNumber = tMgr.getLine1Number();

经以下许可

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>

还有另一种方法，你将能够得到你的电话号码，我还没有在多个设备上测试，但上述代码不是每次都能工作。

试试下面的代码:

String main_data[] = {"data1", "is_primary", "data3", "data2", "data1", "is_primary", "photo_uri", "mimetype"};
Object object = getContentResolver().query(Uri.withAppendedPath(android.provider.ContactsContract.Profile.CONTENT_URI, "data"),
        main_data, "mimetype=?",
        new String[]{"vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2"},
        "is_primary DESC");
if (object != null) {
    do {
        if (!((Cursor) (object)).moveToNext())
            break;
        // This is the phoneNumber
        String s1 = ((Cursor) (object)).getString(4);
    } while (true);
    ((Cursor) (object)).close();
}

您需要添加这两个权限。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PROFILE" />

希望这能有所帮助， 谢谢!