开关仅适用于整型(int, char, bool等)。为什么不使用映射将字符串与数字配对，然后将该数字与开关使用呢?

我认为原因是在C语言中字符串不是基本类型，就像tomjen说的，把字符串看作一个char数组，所以你不能做这样的事情:

switch (char[]) { // ...
switch (int[]) { // ...

这是因为c++将开关转换为跳转表。它对输入数据执行简单的操作，并在不进行比较的情况下跳转到适当的地址。因为字符串不是一个数字，而是一个数字数组，所以c++不能从它创建一个跳转表。

movf    INDEX,W     ; move the index value into the W (working) register from memory
addwf   PCL,F       ; add it to the program counter. each PIC instruction is one byte
                    ; so there is no need to perform any multiplication. 
                    ; Most architectures will transform the index in some way before 
                    ; adding it to the program counter

table                   ; the branch table begins here with this label
    goto    index_zero  ; each of these goto instructions is an unconditional branch
    goto    index_one   ; of code
    goto    index_two
    goto    index_three

index_zero
    ; code is added here to perform whatever action is required when INDEX = zero
    return

index_one
...

(代码来自维基百科https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branch_table)

开关问题的更实用的解决方案:

class APIHandlerImpl
{

// define map of "cases"
std::map<string, std::function<void(server*, websocketpp::connection_hdl, string)>> in_events;

public:
    APIHandlerImpl()
    {
        // bind handler method in constructor
        in_events["/hello"] = std::bind(&APIHandlerImpl::handleHello, this, _1, _2, _3);
        in_events["/bye"] = std::bind(&APIHandlerImpl::handleBye, this, _1, _2, _3);
    }

    void onEvent(string event = "/hello", string data = "{}")
    {
        // execute event based on incomming event
        in_events[event](s, hdl, data);
    }

    void APIHandlerImpl::handleHello(server* s, websocketpp::connection_hdl hdl, string data)
    {
        // ...
    }

    void APIHandlerImpl::handleBye(server* s, websocketpp::connection_hdl hdl, string data)
    {
        // ...
    }
}

在c++中，你只能在int和char上使用switch语句

这是我前段时间提出的一个解决方案，它完全遵守所请求的语法。

#include <uberswitch/uberswitch.hpp>

int main()
{
    uswitch (std::string("raj"))
    {
        ucase ("sda"): /* ... */ break;  //notice the parenthesis around the value.
    }
}

代码如下:https://github.com/falemagn/uberswitch