给定此文档保存在MongoDB中
{
_id : ...,
some_key: {
param1 : "val1",
param2 : "val2",
param3 : "val3"
}
}
需要保存具有来自外部世界的关于param2和param3的新信息的对象
var new_info = {
param2 : "val2_new",
param3 : "val3_new"
};
我想在对象的现有状态上合并/覆盖新字段,这样param1就不会被删除
这样做
db.collection.update( { _id:...} , { $set: { some_key : new_info } }
将导致MongoDB完全按照要求执行,并将some_key设置为该值。更换旧的。
{
_id : ...,
some_key: {
param2 : "val2_new",
param3 : "val3_new"
}
}
如何让MongoDB只更新新字段(而不显式地逐个声明它们)?要得到这个:
{
_id : ...,
some_key: {
param1 : "val1",
param2 : "val2_new",
param3 : "val3_new"
}
}
我正在使用Java客户端,但是任何示例都将受到欢迎
从Mongo 4.2开始,db.collection.updateMany()(或db.collection.update())可以接受一个聚合管道,它允许使用聚合操作符,如$addFields,它输出输入文档中所有现有的字段和新添加的字段:
var new_info = { param2: "val2_new", param3: "val3_new" }
// { some_key: { param1: "val1", param2: "val2", param3: "val3" } }
// { some_key: { param1: "val1", param2: "val2" } }
db.collection.updateMany({}, [{ $addFields: { some_key: new_info } }])
// { some_key: { param1: "val1", param2: "val2_new", param3: "val3_new" } }
// { some_key: { param1: "val1", param2: "val2_new", param3: "val3_new" } }
The first part {} is the match query, filtering which documents to update (in this case all documents).
The second part [{ $addFields: { some_key: new_info } }] is the update aggregation pipeline:
Note the squared brackets signifying the use of an aggregation pipeline.
Since this is an aggregation pipeline, we can use $addFields.
$addFields performs exactly what you need: updating the object so that the new object will overlay / merge with the existing one:
In this case, { param2: "val2_new", param3: "val3_new" } will be merged into the existing some_key by keeping param1 untouched and either add or replace both param2 and param3.
最好的解决方案是从对象中提取属性,并使它们成为平面点表示法键值对。例如,你可以使用这个库:
https://www.npmjs.com/package/mongo-dot-notation
它有.flatten函数,允许您将对象更改为平坦的属性集,然后可以给$set修饰符,而不用担心您现有DB对象的任何属性将被删除/覆盖而不需要。
摘自mongo-dot-notation文档:
var person = {
firstName: 'John',
lastName: 'Doe',
address: {
city: 'NY',
street: 'Eighth Avenu',
number: 123
}
};
var instructions = dot.flatten(person)
console.log(instructions);
/*
{
$set: {
'firstName': 'John',
'lastName': 'Doe',
'address.city': 'NY',
'address.street': 'Eighth Avenu',
'address.number': 123
}
}
*/
然后它形成完美选择器-它只会更新给定的属性。
编辑:有时我喜欢成为考古学家;)