例如:

import glob
lst_img = []
base_dir = '/home/xy/img/'

# get all the jpg file in base_dir 
lst_img += glob.glob(base_dir + '*.jpg')
print lst_img
# ['/home/xy/img/2.jpg', '/home/xy/img/1.jpg']

# append all the png file in base_dir to lst_img
lst_img += glob.glob(base_dir + '*.png')
print lst_img
# ['/home/xy/img/2.jpg', '/home/xy/img/1.jpg', '/home/xy/img/3.png']

一个函数:

import glob
def get_files(base_dir='/home/xy/img/', lst_extension=['*.jpg', '*.png']):
    """
    :param base_dir:base directory
    :param lst_extension:lst_extension: list like ['*.jpg', '*.png', ...]
    :return:file lists like ['/home/xy/img/2.jpg','/home/xy/img/3.png']
    """
    lst_files = []
    for ext in lst_extension:
        lst_files += glob.glob(base_dir+ext)
    return lst_files

与@BPL相同的答案(计算效率高)，但它可以处理任何glob模式，而不是扩展:

import os
from fnmatch import fnmatch

folder = "path/to/folder/"
patterns = ("*.txt", "*.md", "*.markdown")

files = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder) if any(fnmatch(f, p) for p in patterns)]

这种解决方案既高效又方便。它还与glob的行为紧密匹配(请参阅文档)。

注意，使用内置包pathlib会更简单:

from pathlib import Path

folder = Path("/path/to/folder")
patterns = ("*.txt", "*.md", "*.markdown")

files = [f for f in folder.iterdir() if any(f.match(p) for p in patterns)]

来这里寻求帮助后，我有了自己的解决方案，想和大家分享。它基于user2363986的答案，但我认为这更具可伸缩性。这意味着，即使您有1000个扩展，代码仍然看起来很优雅。

from glob import glob

directoryPath  = "C:\\temp\\*." 
fileExtensions = [ "jpg", "jpeg", "png", "bmp", "gif" ]
listOfFiles    = []

for extension in fileExtensions:
    listOfFiles.extend( glob( directoryPath + extension ))

for file in listOfFiles:
    print(file)   # Or do other stuff

对于glob，这是不可能的。你只能使用: *匹配所有内容 ？ 匹配任何单个字符 [seq]匹配seq中的任意字符 [!Seq]匹配任何不在Seq中的字符

使用操作系统。Listdir和regexp检查模式:

for x in os.listdir('.'):
  if re.match('.*\.txt|.*\.sql', x):
    print x

下面的函数_glob用于多个文件扩展名。

import glob
import os
def _glob(path, *exts):
    """Glob for multiple file extensions

    Parameters
    ----------
    path : str
        A file name without extension, or directory name
    exts : tuple
        File extensions to glob for

    Returns
    -------
    files : list
        list of files matching extensions in exts in path

    """
    path = os.path.join(path, "*") if os.path.isdir(path) else path + "*"
    return [f for files in [glob.glob(path + ext) for ext in exts] for f in files]

files = _glob(projectDir, ".txt", ".mdown", ".markdown")

链接结果:

import itertools as it, glob

def multiple_file_types(*patterns):
    return it.chain.from_iterable(glob.iglob(pattern) for pattern in patterns)

然后:

for filename in multiple_file_types("*.txt", "*.sql", "*.log"):
    # do stuff