与@BPL相同的答案(计算效率高)，但它可以处理任何glob模式，而不是扩展:

import os
from fnmatch import fnmatch

folder = "path/to/folder/"
patterns = ("*.txt", "*.md", "*.markdown")

files = [f.path for f in os.scandir(folder) if any(fnmatch(f, p) for p in patterns)]

这种解决方案既高效又方便。它还与glob的行为紧密匹配(请参阅文档)。

注意，使用内置包pathlib会更简单:

from pathlib import Path

folder = Path("/path/to/folder")
patterns = ("*.txt", "*.md", "*.markdown")

files = [f for f in folder.iterdir() if any(f.match(p) for p in patterns)]

来这里寻求帮助后，我有了自己的解决方案，想和大家分享。它基于user2363986的答案，但我认为这更具可伸缩性。这意味着，即使您有1000个扩展，代码仍然看起来很优雅。

from glob import glob

directoryPath  = "C:\\temp\\*." 
fileExtensions = [ "jpg", "jpeg", "png", "bmp", "gif" ]
listOfFiles    = []

for extension in fileExtensions:
    listOfFiles.extend( glob( directoryPath + extension ))

for file in listOfFiles:
    print(file)   # Or do other stuff

不是glob，这里是另一种使用列表理解的方式:

extensions = 'txt mdown markdown'.split()
projectFiles = [f for f in os.listdir(projectDir) 
                  if os.path.splitext(f)[1][1:] in extensions]

我也有同样的问题，这是我想到的

import os, sys, re

#without glob

src_dir = '/mnt/mypics/'
src_pics = []
ext = re.compile('.*\.(|{}|)$'.format('|'.join(['png', 'jpeg', 'jpg']).encode('utf-8')))
for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(src_dir):
  for filename in filter(lambda name:ext.search(name),filenames):
    src_pics.append(os.path.join(root, filename))

还有另一个解决方案(使用glob使用多个匹配模式获取路径，并使用reduce和add将所有路径组合到一个列表中):

import functools, glob, operator
paths = functools.reduce(operator.add, [glob.glob(pattern) for pattern in [
    "path1/*.ext1",
    "path2/*.ext2"]])

import os    
import glob
import operator
from functools import reduce

types = ('*.jpg', '*.png', '*.jpeg')
lazy_paths = (glob.glob(os.path.join('my_path', t)) for t in types)
paths = reduce(operator.add, lazy_paths, [])

https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/functools.html#functools.reduce https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/operator.html#operator.add