Duplicate Keys • What happens if there's more than one data item with the same key? – This presents a slight problem in red-black trees. – It's important that nodes with the same key are distributed on both sides of other nodes with the same key. – That is, if keys arrive in the order 50, 50, 50, • you want the second 50 to go to the right of the first one, and the third 50 to go to the left of the first one. • Otherwise, the tree becomes unbalanced. • This could be handled by some kind of randomizing process in the insertion algorithm. – However, the search process then becomes more complicated if all items with the same key must be found. • It's simpler to outlaw items with the same key. – In this discussion we'll assume duplicates aren't allowed

可以为树的每个节点创建包含重复键的链表，并将数据存储在列表中。

任何定义都是有效的。只要在实现中保持一致(总是把相等的节点放在右边，总是把它们放在左边，或者不允许它们这样做)，那么就没问题。我认为不允许它们是最常见的，但如果允许它们并放置在左边或右边，它仍然是一个BST。

你说的三件事都是真的。

密钥是唯一的 左边是比这个小的键 右边是比这个大的键

我想你可以把你的树倒过来，把较小的键放在右边，但实际上“左”和“右”的概念只是:一个可视化的概念，帮助我们思考一个没有真正的左或右的数据结构，所以这并不重要。

如果您的二叉搜索树是红黑树，或者您打算进行任何类型的“树旋转”操作，重复的节点将导致问题。假设你的树规则是这样的:

左<根<=右

现在想象一个简单的树，它的根是5，左子结点是nil，右子结点是5。如果你在根结点上做一个左旋转你会在左子结点中得到一个5在根结点中得到一个5而右子结点为nil。现在左树中的某个元素等于根结点，但上面的规则假设左<根结点。

我花了几个小时试图弄清楚为什么我的红/黑树偶尔会乱序，问题就是我上面描述的。希望有人读了这篇文章，将来可以节省调试的时间!

元素排序关系<=是一个总顺序，因此关系必须是自反的，但通常二叉搜索树(又名BST)是一个没有重复的树。

否则，如果有重复你需要运行两次或更多相同的功能删除!

Duplicate Keys • What happens if there's more than one data item with the same key? – This presents a slight problem in red-black trees. – It's important that nodes with the same key are distributed on both sides of other nodes with the same key. – That is, if keys arrive in the order 50, 50, 50, • you want the second 50 to go to the right of the first one, and the third 50 to go to the left of the first one. • Otherwise, the tree becomes unbalanced. • This could be handled by some kind of randomizing process in the insertion algorithm. – However, the search process then becomes more complicated if all items with the same key must be found. • It's simpler to outlaw items with the same key. – In this discussion we'll assume duplicates aren't allowed

可以为树的每个节点创建包含重复键的链表，并将数据存储在列表中。