要获得一个列表的元组，如问题中所示:

>>> original = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
>>> tuple([list(tup) for tup in zip(*original)])
(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], [1, 2, 3, 4])

要将两个列表解压缩为单独的变量:

list1, list2 = [list(tup) for tup in zip(*original)]

这只是另一种方法，但它对我帮助很大，所以我写在这里:

具有这种数据结构的:

X=[1,2,3,4]
Y=['a','b','c','d']
XY=zip(X,Y)

导致:

In: XY
Out: [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'), (4, 'd')]

在我看来，更python化的解压方法是这样的:

x,y=zip(*XY)

但是这个返回一个元组，所以如果你需要一个列表，你可以使用:

x,y=(list(x),list(y))

要获得一个列表的元组，如问题中所示:

>>> original = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
>>> tuple([list(tup) for tup in zip(*original)])
(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], [1, 2, 3, 4])

要将两个列表解压缩为单独的变量:

list1, list2 = [list(tup) for tup in zip(*original)]

虽然numpy数组和pandas可能更可取，但此函数在作为unzip(args)调用时模仿zip(*args)的行为。

允许生成器(如Python 3中zip的结果)在遍历值时作为参数传递。

def unzip(items, cls=list, ocls=tuple):
    """Zip function in reverse.

    :param items: Zipped-like iterable.
    :type  items: iterable

    :param cls: Container factory. Callable that returns iterable containers,
        with a callable append attribute, to store the unzipped items. Defaults
        to ``list``.
    :type  cls: callable, optional

    :param ocls: Outer container factory. Callable that returns iterable
        containers. with a callable append attribute, to store the inner
        containers (see ``cls``). Defaults to ``tuple``.
    :type  ocls: callable, optional

    :returns: Unzipped items in instances returned from ``cls``, in an instance
        returned from ``ocls``.
    """
    # iter() will return the same iterator passed to it whenever possible.
    items = iter(items)

    try:
        i = next(items)
    except StopIteration:
        return ocls()

    unzipped = ocls(cls([v]) for v in i)

    for i in items:
        for c, v in zip(unzipped, i):
            c.append(v)

    return unzipped

要使用列表容器，只需运行unzip(zip)，如

unzip(zip(["a","b","c"],[1,2,3])) == (["a","b","c"],[1,2,3])

要使用deques或其他带有附加的容器，需要传递一个工厂函数。

from collections import deque

unzip([("a",1),("b",2)], deque, list) == [deque(["a","b"]),deque([1,2])]

(装饰cls和/或main_cls以微管理容器初始化，如上面最后的assert语句所简单显示的那样。)

考虑使用more_itertools.unzip:

>>> from more_itertools import unzip
>>> original = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
>>> [list(x) for x in unzip(original)]
[['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], [1, 2, 3, 4]]     

下面是一个简单的单行回答，可以产生所需的输出:

original = [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]
list(zip(*original))
# [('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'), (1, 2, 3, 4)]