浅拷贝构造一个新的复合对象，并将其对原始对象的引用插入其中。

与浅拷贝不同，deepcopy构造新的复合对象，并插入原复合对象的原对象副本。

让我们举个例子。

import copy
x =[1,[2]]
y=copy.copy(x)
z= copy.deepcopy(x)
print(y is z)

上面的代码输出FALSE。

让我们看看怎么做。

原始复合对象x=[1，[2]](称为复合，因为它在对象中有对象(Inception))

如图所示，列表中有一个列表。

然后使用y = copy.copy(x)创建它的浅拷贝。python在这里所做的是，它将创建一个新的复合对象，但其中的对象指向原始对象。

在图像中，它为外层列表创建了一个新的副本。但内部列表与原始列表保持一致。

现在我们使用z = copy.deepcopy(x)创建它的深度复制。python在这里所做的是，它将为外部列表和内部列表创建新对象。如下图所示(红色高亮部分)。

最后代码输出False，因为y和z不是相同的对象。

HTH.

{想象两个对象:相同类型_t的A和B(相对于c++)，你正在考虑将A浅/深复制到B}

浅拷贝: 简单地将a的引用复制到b中，把它看作是a的地址的副本。 因此，A和B的地址将是相同的，即它们将指向相同的内存位置，即数据内容。

Deep copy: Simply makes a copy of all the members of A, allocates memory in a different location for B and then assigns the copied members to B to achieve deep copy. In this way, if A becomes non-existant B is still valid in the memory. The correct term to use would be cloning, where you know that they both are totally the same, but yet different (i.e. stored as two different entities in the memory space). You can also provide your clone wrapper where you can decide via inclusion/exclusion list which properties to select during deep copy. This is quite a common practice when you create APIs.

只有当你了解其中的利害关系时，你才可以选择做浅拷贝。当你在c++或C中有大量的指针要处理时，做一个对象的浅拷贝真的是一个坏主意。

EXAMPLE_OF_DEEP COPY_ An example is, when you are trying to do image processing and object recognition you need to mask "Irrelevant and Repetitive Motion" out of your processing areas. If you are using image pointers, then you might have the specification to save those mask images. NOW... if you do a shallow copy of the image, when the pointer references are KILLED from the stack, you lost the reference and its copy i.e. there will be a runtime error of access violation at some point. In this case, what you need is a deep copy of your image by CLONING it. In this way you can retrieve the masks in case you need them in the future.

EXAMPLE_OF_SHALLOW_COPY I am not extremely knowledgeable compared to the users in StackOverflow so feel free to delete this part and put a good example if you can clarify. But I really think it is not a good idea to do shallow copy if you know that your program is gonna run for an infinite period of time i.e. continuous "push-pop" operation over the stack with function calls. If you are demonstrating something to an amateur or novice person (e.g. C/C++ tutorial stuff) then it is probably okay. But if you are running an application such as surveillance and detection system, or Sonar Tracking System, you are not supposed to keep shallow copying your objects around because it will kill your program sooner or later.

var source = { firstName="Jane", lastname="Jones" };
var shallow = ShallowCopyOf(source);
var deep = DeepCopyOf(source);
source.lastName = "Smith";
WriteLine(source.lastName); // prints Smith
WriteLine(shallow.lastName); // prints Smith
WriteLine(deep.lastName); // prints Jones

试着考虑下面的图像

例如Object。memberwisclone创建一个浅复制链接

并使用ICloneable接口，你可以得到深度拷贝，如这里所述

为了补充其他答案，

对象的浅拷贝对值类型执行逐值复制 基于属性，并通过引用复制基于引用类型的属性。 对象的深度复制对基于值类型的对象执行逐值复制 属性，以及基于引用类型的按值复制 层次结构深处的属性(引用类型)

广度vs深度;从引用树的角度考虑，将对象作为根节点。

浅:

变量A和B指的是不同的内存区域，当B被分配给A时，这两个变量指的是相同的内存区域。后来对其中一个内容的修改立即反映在另一个的内容中，因为它们共享内容。

深:

变量A和B指的是不同的内存区域，当B被分配给A时，A所指向的内存区域中的值被复制到B所指向的内存区域。后来对其中一项内容的修改仍为A或B所独有;内容不共享。