是否有一种方法可以获取类实例上存在的属性列表?
class new_class():
def __init__(self, number):
self.multi = int(number) * 2
self.str = str(number)
a = new_class(2)
print(', '.join(a.SOMETHING))
期望的结果是输出"multi, str"。我希望它能看到脚本各个部分的当前属性。
是否有一种方法可以获取类实例上存在的属性列表?
class new_class():
def __init__(self, number):
self.multi = int(number) * 2
self.str = str(number)
a = new_class(2)
print(', '.join(a.SOMETHING))
期望的结果是输出"multi, str"。我希望它能看到脚本各个部分的当前属性。
当前回答
>>> class new_class():
... def __init__(self, number):
... self.multi = int(number) * 2
... self.str = str(number)
...
>>> a = new_class(2)
>>> a.__dict__
{'multi': 4, 'str': '2'}
>>> a.__dict__.keys()
dict_keys(['multi', 'str'])
您可能还会发现pprint有帮助。
其他回答
请参见以下Python shell脚本执行顺序,它将给出从创建类到提取实例字段名的解决方案。
>>> class Details:
... def __init__(self,name,age):
... self.name=name
... self.age =age
... def show_details(self):
... if self.name:
... print "Name : ",self.name
... else:
... print "Name : ","_"
... if self.age:
... if self.age>0:
... print "Age : ",self.age
... else:
... print "Age can't be -ve"
... else:
... print "Age : ","_"
...
>>> my_details = Details("Rishikesh",24)
>>>
>>> print my_details
<__main__.Details instance at 0x10e2e77e8>
>>>
>>> print my_details.name
Rishikesh
>>> print my_details.age
24
>>>
>>> my_details.show_details()
Name : Rishikesh
Age : 24
>>>
>>> person1 = Details("",34)
>>> person1.name
''
>>> person1.age
34
>>> person1.show_details
<bound method Details.show_details of <__main__.Details instance at 0x10e2e7758>>
>>>
>>> person1.show_details()
Name : _
Age : 34
>>>
>>> person2 = Details("Rob Pike",0)
>>> person2.name
'Rob Pike'
>>>
>>> person2.age
0
>>>
>>> person2.show_details()
Name : Rob Pike
Age : _
>>>
>>> person3 = Details("Rob Pike",-45)
>>>
>>> person3.name
'Rob Pike'
>>>
>>> person3.age
-45
>>>
>>> person3.show_details()
Name : Rob Pike
Age can't be -ve
>>>
>>> person3.__dict__
{'age': -45, 'name': 'Rob Pike'}
>>>
>>> person3.__dict__.keys()
['age', 'name']
>>>
>>> person3.__dict__.values()
[-45, 'Rob Pike']
>>>
>>> ', '.join(i for i in dir(a) if not i.startswith('__'))
'multi, str'
这当然会打印类定义中的任何方法或属性。你可以通过将i.startwith('__')更改为i.startwith('_')来排除“私有”方法。
获取对象的属性
class new_class():
def __init__(self, number):
self.multi = int(number) * 2
self.str = str(number)
new_object = new_class(2)
print(dir(new_object)) #total list attributes of new_object
attr_value = new_object.__dict__
print(attr_value) #Dictionary of attribute and value for new_class
for attr in attr_value: #attributes on new_class
print(attr)
输出
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__','__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', 'multi', 'str']
{'multi': 4, 'str': '2'}
multi
str
你可以使用dir(your_object)来获取属性,使用getattr(your_object, your_object_attr)来获取值
用法:
for att in dir(your_object):
print (att, getattr(your_object,att))
如果你的对象没有__dict__,这特别有用。如果不是这样,你也可以尝试var(your_object)
attributes_list = [attribute for attribute in dir(obj) if attribute[0].islower()]