如何在Python中将彩色文本输出到终端?


当前回答

在我看来,这是最简单的方法。只要您具有所需颜色的RGB值,这应该可以工作:

def colored(r, g, b, text):
    return f"\033[38;2;{r};{g};{b}m{text}\033[0m"

打印红色文本的示例:

text = 'Hello, World!'
colored_text = colored(255, 0, 0, text)
print(colored_text)

#or

print(colored(255, 0, 0, 'Hello, World!'))

多色文本

text = colored(255, 0, 0, 'Hello, ') + colored(0, 255, 0, 'World')
print(text)

其他回答

下面是一个可以这样使用的实现:

from stryle import Stryle

print(Stryle.okgreen.bold@"Hello World" + Stryle.underline@'!' + ' back to normal')
print(f"{Stryle.red}Merry {Stryle.underline.okgreen}Christmas!{Stryle.off}")
print("Merry "@Stryle.red + "Christmas"@Stryle.okgreen.underline)

_decorations = {
    "header" : '\033[95m',
    "okblue" : '\033[94m',
    "okcyan" : '\033[96m',
    "okgreen" : '\033[92m',
    "yellow" : '\033[93m',
    "red" : '\033[91m',
    "warning" : '\033[93m',
    "fail" : '\033[91m',
    "off" : '\033[0m',
    "bold" : '\033[1m',
    "underline" : '\033[4m',
}

class _StringStyle(str):
  def __getattribute__(self, decoration: str = _decorations["off"]):
    if decoration in _decorations:
      return _StringStyle(self.decorations + _decorations[decoration])
    return self
  def __matmul__(self, other):
    return self.decorations + str(other) + _decorations["off"]
  def __rmatmul__(self, other):
    return self.decorations + str(other) + _decorations["off"]
  def __str__(self):
    return self.decorations

Stryle = _StringStyle()

您可以使用任何语言提供的shell转义字符。这些转义字符以ESC字符开头,后跟一些参数。

例如,要在终端中输出红色“Hello,World!”字符串:

echo "\e[31m Hello, World! \e[0m"

或者从Python脚本:

print("\e[31m Hello world \e[0m")

此外,我写了一篇关于Escape序列的文章,这可能会帮助您更好地理解这个机制。

在Windows上,您可以使用模块“win32console”(在某些Python发行版中可用)或模块“ctypes”(Python 2.5及更高版本)访问Win32 API。

要查看支持这两种方式的完整代码,请参阅Testoob中的彩色控制台报告代码。

ctypes示例:

import ctypes

# Constants from the Windows API
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
FOREGROUND_RED    = 0x0004 # text color contains red.

def get_csbi_attributes(handle):
    # Based on IPython's winconsole.py, written by Alexander Belchenko
    import struct
    csbi = ctypes.create_string_buffer(22)
    res = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle, csbi)
    assert res

    (bufx, bufy, curx, cury, wattr,
    left, top, right, bottom, maxx, maxy) = struct.unpack("hhhhHhhhhhh", csbi.raw)
    return wattr


handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
reset = get_csbi_attributes(handle)

ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_RED)
print "Cherry on top"
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, reset)

根据乔尔德的回答,这简直太简单了:

class PrintInColor:
    RED = '\033[91m'
    GREEN = '\033[92m'
    YELLOW = '\033[93m'
    LIGHT_PURPLE = '\033[94m'
    PURPLE = '\033[95m'
    END = '\033[0m'

    @classmethod
    def red(cls, s, **kwargs):
        print(cls.RED + s + cls.END, **kwargs)

    @classmethod
    def green(cls, s, **kwargs):
        print(cls.GREEN + s + cls.END, **kwargs)

    @classmethod
    def yellow(cls, s, **kwargs):
        print(cls.YELLOW + s + cls.END, **kwargs)

    @classmethod
    def lightPurple(cls, s, **kwargs):
        print(cls.LIGHT_PURPLE + s + cls.END, **kwargs)

    @classmethod
    def purple(cls, s, **kwargs):
        print(cls.PURPLE + s + cls.END, **kwargs)

那么就

PrintInColor.red('hello', end=' ')
PrintInColor.green('world')

当我在寻找如何为日志上色时,我被谷歌感动了:

彩色原木

安装

pip install coloredlogs

用法

最小使用量:

import logging
import coloredlogs

coloredlogs.install()  # install a handler on the root logger

logging.debug('message with level debug')
logging.info('message with level info')
logging.warning('message with level warning')
logging.error('message with level error')
logging.critical('message with level critical')

结果如下:

从消息级调试开始:

import logging
import coloredlogs

coloredlogs.install(level='DEBUG')  # install a handler on the root logger with level debug

logging.debug('message with level debug')
logging.info('message with level info')
logging.warning('message with level warning')
logging.error('message with level error')
logging.critical('message with level critical')

结果如下:

隐藏库中的邮件:

import logging
import coloredlogs

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)  # get a specific logger object
coloredlogs.install(level='DEBUG')  # install a handler on the root logger with level debug
coloredlogs.install(level='DEBUG', logger=logger)  # pass a specific logger object

logging.debug('message with level debug')
logging.info('message with level info')
logging.warning('message with level warning')
logging.error('message with level error')
logging.critical('message with level critical')

结果如下:

设置日志消息格式:

import logging
import coloredlogs

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)  # get a specific logger object
coloredlogs.install(level='DEBUG')  # install a handler on the root logger with level debug
coloredlogs.install(level='DEBUG', logger=logger)  # pass a specific logger object
coloredlogs.install(
    level='DEBUG', logger=logger,
    fmt='%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(filename)s:%(lineno)d %(levelname)s %(message)s'
)

logging.debug('message with level debug')
logging.info('message with level info')
logging.warning('message with level warning')
logging.error('message with level error')
logging.critical('message with level critical')

结果如下:

可用的格式属性:

%(asctime)s-发出日志记录调用时,作为人类可读字符串的时间%(created)f-发出日志调用时的浮点时间%(filename)s-文件名%(funcName)s-包含日志记录调用的函数的名称%(hostname)s-系统主机名%(levelname)s-文本日志记录级别%(levelno)s-整数日志记录级别%(lineno)d-发出记录调用的行号%(message)s-传递给日志记录调用的消息(与%(msg)s相同)%(module)s—发出日志记录调用的不带扩展名的文件名%(毫秒)d-发出日志调用的毫秒部分%(msg)s-传递给日志记录调用的消息(与%(Message)s相同)%(name)s-记录器名称%(pathname)s—包含日志记录调用的文件的完整路径名%(process)d-进程ID%(processName)s-进程名称%(programname)s-系统程序名%(relativeCreated)d-发出日志调用时的时间(以毫秒为单位),相对于加载日志模块的时间%(thread)d-线程ID%(threadName)s-线程名称%(username)s-系统用户名

来源:

Coloredlogs包

日志记录库