我是Python新手，每次我发现像这样的主题时都很兴奋。但这次（突然）我觉得我有话要说。尤其是因为几分钟前，我在Python中发现了一件令人惊叹的事情（至少对我来说是这样）：

上下文管理器

from contextlib import contextmanager
# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

@contextmanager
def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  yield
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

with printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text'):
  pass

实例

或者就像这样：

# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text')

我是Python新手，每次我发现像这样的主题时都很兴奋。但这次（突然）我觉得我有话要说。尤其是因为几分钟前，我在Python中发现了一件令人惊叹的事情（至少对我来说是这样）：

上下文管理器

from contextlib import contextmanager
# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

@contextmanager
def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  yield
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

with printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text'):
  pass

实例

或者就像这样：

# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text')

在Windows上，您可以使用模块“win32console”（在某些Python发行版中可用）或模块“ctypes”（Python 2.5及更高版本）访问Win32 API。

要查看支持这两种方式的完整代码，请参阅Testoob中的彩色控制台报告代码。

ctypes示例：

import ctypes

# Constants from the Windows API
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
FOREGROUND_RED    = 0x0004 # text color contains red.

def get_csbi_attributes(handle):
    # Based on IPython's winconsole.py, written by Alexander Belchenko
    import struct
    csbi = ctypes.create_string_buffer(22)
    res = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle, csbi)
    assert res

    (bufx, bufy, curx, cury, wattr,
    left, top, right, bottom, maxx, maxy) = struct.unpack("hhhhHhhhhhh", csbi.raw)
    return wattr


handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
reset = get_csbi_attributes(handle)

ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_RED)
print "Cherry on top"
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, reset)

我最终做了这个，我觉得这是最干净的：

formatters = {
    'RED': '\033[91m',
    'GREEN': '\033[92m',
    'END': '\033[0m',
}

print 'Master is currently {RED}red{END}!'.format(**formatters)
print 'Help make master {GREEN}green{END} again!'.format(**formatters)

您可以使用任何语言提供的shell转义字符。这些转义字符以ESC字符开头，后跟一些参数。

例如，要在终端中输出红色“Hello，World！”字符串：

echo "\e[31m Hello, World! \e[0m"

或者从Python脚本：

print("\e[31m Hello world \e[0m")

此外，我写了一篇关于Escape序列的文章，这可能会帮助您更好地理解这个机制。

如果您使用的是Windows，那么就在这里！

# Display text on a Windows console
# Windows XP with Python 2.7 or Python 3.2
from ctypes import windll

# Needed for Python2/Python3 diff
try:
    input = raw_input
except:
    pass
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
stdout_handle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
# Look at the output and select the color you want.
# For instance, hex E is yellow on black.
# Hex 1E is yellow on blue.
# Hex 2E is yellow on green and so on.
for color in range(0, 75):
     windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(stdout_handle, color)
     print("%X --> %s" % (color, "Have a fine day!"))
     input("Press Enter to go on ... ")