你能给我一个Dockerfile的例子吗?我可以在其中安装所有我需要的软件包。锁定和pyproject。toml到我的镜像/容器从Docker?
当前回答
有两个项目，你可以看到如何正确地做到这一点，或者你可以使用这些项目来构建你自己的图像，因为它们只是基础图像:
https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-gunicorn-poetry
base image的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/build/Dockerfile
ARG OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE
FROM ${OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE}
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=off \
PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=on \
PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
POETRY_VERSION=1.1.11 \
POETRY_HOME="/opt/poetry" \
POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true \
PYTHONPATH=/application_root \
VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH="/application_root/.venv"
ENV PATH="$POETRY_HOME/bin:$VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH/bin:$PATH"
# https://python-poetry.org/docs/#osx--linux--bashonwindows-install-instructions
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
build-essential \
curl \
&& curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python - \
&& apt-get purge --auto-remove -y \
build-essential \
curl
COPY ./scripts/start_uvicorn.sh /application_server/
RUN chmod +x /application_server/start_uvicorn.sh
COPY ./scripts/pytest_entrypoint.sh ./scripts/black_entrypoint.sh /entrypoints/
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/application_server/start_uvicorn.sh"]
样例工程图片的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/examples/fast_api_multistage_build/Dockerfile
ARG BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG=pfeiffermax/uvicorn-poetry:1.0.1-python3.9.8-slim-bullseye
FROM ${BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG} as base-image
WORKDIR /application_root
# install [tool.poetry.dependencies]
# this will install virtual environment into /.venv because of POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true
# see: https://python-poetry.org/docs/configuration/#virtualenvsin-project
COPY ./poetry.lock ./pyproject.toml /application_root/
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root --no-dev
FROM base-image as test-base-image
ENV LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY /app /application_root/app/
COPY /tests /application_root/tests/
# image for running pep8 checks
FROM test-base-image as black-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
CMD ["--target-version py39", "--check", " --line-length 80", "app"]
# image for running unit tests
FROM test-base-image as unit-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
# You need to use pytest-cov as pytest plugin. Makes life very simple.
# tests directory is configured in pyproject.toml
# https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-cov
CMD ["--cov=app", "--cov-report=xml:/test_coverage_reports/unit_tests_coverage.xml"]
FROM base-image as development-image
ENV RELOAD="true" \
LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY . /application_root/
FROM base-image as production-image
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# This RUN statement fixes an issue while running the tests with GitHub Actions.
# Tests work reliable locally on my machine or running GitHub Actions using act.
# There is a bug with multistage builds in GitHub Actions which I can also reliable reproduce
# see: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/37965
# Will also check if I can fix that annoying issue with some tweaks to docker build args
# see: https://gist.github.com/UrsaDK/f90c9632997a70cfe2a6df2797731ac8
RUN true
COPY /app /application_root/app/
其他回答
使用docker多阶段构建和python slim image，将诗词锁导出到requirements.txt，然后在virtualenv中通过pip安装。
它有最小的尺寸，不需要诗在运行时的形象，钉的版本一切。
FROM python:3.9.7 as base
ENV PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1
WORKDIR /app
FROM base as poetry
RUN pip install poetry==1.1.12
COPY poetry.lock pyproject.toml /app/
RUN poetry export -o requirements.txt
FROM base as build
COPY --from=poetry /app/requirements.txt /tmp/requirements.txt
RUN python -m venv .venv && \
.venv/bin/pip install 'wheel==0.36.2' && \
.venv/bin/pip install -r /tmp/requirements.txt
FROM python:3.9.7-slim as runtime
ENV PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1
WORKDIR /app
ENV PATH=/app/.venv/bin:$PATH
COPY --from=build /app/.venv /app/.venv
COPY . /app
我使用一个锁包(包依赖于锁文件中的所有版本)创建了一个解决方案。这将导致没有需求文件的纯pip安装。
步骤是:构建包，构建锁包，将两个轮子复制到容器中，使用pip安装两个轮子。
安装是:诗词add——dev诗词锁包
docker构建之外的步骤是:
poetry build
poetry run poetry-lock-package --build
然后你的Dockerfile应该包含:
FROM python:3-slim
COPY dist/*.whl /
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir /*.whl \
&& rm -rf /*.whl
CMD ["python", "-m", "entry_module"]
有两个项目，你可以看到如何正确地做到这一点，或者你可以使用这些项目来构建你自己的图像，因为它们只是基础图像:
https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-gunicorn-poetry
base image的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/build/Dockerfile
ARG OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE
FROM ${OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE}
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=off \
PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=on \
PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
POETRY_VERSION=1.1.11 \
POETRY_HOME="/opt/poetry" \
POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true \
PYTHONPATH=/application_root \
VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH="/application_root/.venv"
ENV PATH="$POETRY_HOME/bin:$VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH/bin:$PATH"
# https://python-poetry.org/docs/#osx--linux--bashonwindows-install-instructions
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
build-essential \
curl \
&& curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python - \
&& apt-get purge --auto-remove -y \
build-essential \
curl
COPY ./scripts/start_uvicorn.sh /application_server/
RUN chmod +x /application_server/start_uvicorn.sh
COPY ./scripts/pytest_entrypoint.sh ./scripts/black_entrypoint.sh /entrypoints/
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/application_server/start_uvicorn.sh"]
样例工程图片的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/examples/fast_api_multistage_build/Dockerfile
ARG BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG=pfeiffermax/uvicorn-poetry:1.0.1-python3.9.8-slim-bullseye
FROM ${BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG} as base-image
WORKDIR /application_root
# install [tool.poetry.dependencies]
# this will install virtual environment into /.venv because of POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true
# see: https://python-poetry.org/docs/configuration/#virtualenvsin-project
COPY ./poetry.lock ./pyproject.toml /application_root/
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root --no-dev
FROM base-image as test-base-image
ENV LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY /app /application_root/app/
COPY /tests /application_root/tests/
# image for running pep8 checks
FROM test-base-image as black-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
CMD ["--target-version py39", "--check", " --line-length 80", "app"]
# image for running unit tests
FROM test-base-image as unit-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
# You need to use pytest-cov as pytest plugin. Makes life very simple.
# tests directory is configured in pyproject.toml
# https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-cov
CMD ["--cov=app", "--cov-report=xml:/test_coverage_reports/unit_tests_coverage.xml"]
FROM base-image as development-image
ENV RELOAD="true" \
LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY . /application_root/
FROM base-image as production-image
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# This RUN statement fixes an issue while running the tests with GitHub Actions.
# Tests work reliable locally on my machine or running GitHub Actions using act.
# There is a bug with multistage builds in GitHub Actions which I can also reliable reproduce
# see: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/37965
# Will also check if I can fix that annoying issue with some tweaks to docker build args
# see: https://gist.github.com/UrsaDK/f90c9632997a70cfe2a6df2797731ac8
RUN true
COPY /app /application_root/app/
多阶段Docker构建与诗歌和venv
不要禁用virtualenv创建功能。virtualenv在Docker构建中发挥了作用，因为它们提供了一种优雅的方式来利用多阶段构建。简而言之，构建阶段将所有内容安装到virtualenv中，而最后阶段只是将virtualenv复制到一个小映像中。
在复制代码之前，先使用诗歌导出并安装固定的需求。这将允许您使用Docker构建缓存，并且永远不会因为更改代码中的一行而重新安装依赖项。
不要使用诗意安装来安装代码，因为它将执行可编辑的安装。相反，使用诗歌构建来构建一个轮子，然后将其安装到您的virtualenv中。(感谢PEP 517，这整个过程也可以通过简单的pip install .来执行，但由于构建隔离，您最终将安装另一个Poetry副本。)
下面是一个Dockerfile安装Flask应用到Alpine镜像的例子，它依赖于Postgres。本例使用入口点脚本激活virtualenv。但一般来说，没有入口点脚本也没问题，因为您可以在CMD指令中简单地引用/venv/bin/ Python的Python二进制文件。
Dockerfile
FROM python:3.7.6-alpine3.11 as base
ENV PYTHONFAULTHANDLER=1 \
PYTHONHASHSEED=random \
PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
WORKDIR /app
FROM base as builder
ENV PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1 \
PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1 \
POETRY_VERSION=1.0.5
RUN apk add --no-cache gcc libffi-dev musl-dev postgresql-dev
RUN pip install "poetry==$POETRY_VERSION"
RUN python -m venv /venv
COPY pyproject.toml poetry.lock ./
RUN poetry export -f requirements.txt | /venv/bin/pip install -r /dev/stdin
COPY . .
RUN poetry build && /venv/bin/pip install dist/*.whl
FROM base as final
RUN apk add --no-cache libffi libpq
COPY --from=builder /venv /venv
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh wsgi.py ./
CMD ["./docker-entrypoint.sh"]
docker-entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/sh
set -e
. /venv/bin/activate
while ! flask db upgrade
do
echo "Retry..."
sleep 1
done
exec gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:5000 --forwarded-allow-ips='*' wsgi:app
wsgi.py
import your_app
app = your_app.create_app()
我的python应用程序的Dockerfile看起来像这样-
FROM python:3.10-alpine
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN pip install -U pip poetry==1.1.13
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN poetry export --without-hashes --format=requirements.txt > requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
EXPOSE 8000
ENTRYPOINT [ "python" ]
CMD ["main.py"]
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