你能给我一个Dockerfile的例子吗?我可以在其中安装所有我需要的软件包。锁定和pyproject。toml到我的镜像/容器从Docker?
当前回答
多阶段Docker构建与诗歌和venv
不要禁用virtualenv创建功能。virtualenv在Docker构建中发挥了作用,因为它们提供了一种优雅的方式来利用多阶段构建。简而言之,构建阶段将所有内容安装到virtualenv中,而最后阶段只是将virtualenv复制到一个小映像中。
在复制代码之前,先使用诗歌导出并安装固定的需求。这将允许您使用Docker构建缓存,并且永远不会因为更改代码中的一行而重新安装依赖项。
不要使用诗意安装来安装代码,因为它将执行可编辑的安装。相反,使用诗歌构建来构建一个轮子,然后将其安装到您的virtualenv中。(感谢PEP 517,这整个过程也可以通过简单的pip install .来执行,但由于构建隔离,您最终将安装另一个Poetry副本。)
下面是一个Dockerfile安装Flask应用到Alpine镜像的例子,它依赖于Postgres。本例使用入口点脚本激活virtualenv。但一般来说,没有入口点脚本也没问题,因为您可以在CMD指令中简单地引用/venv/bin/ Python的Python二进制文件。
Dockerfile
FROM python:3.7.6-alpine3.11 as base
ENV PYTHONFAULTHANDLER=1 \
PYTHONHASHSEED=random \
PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
WORKDIR /app
FROM base as builder
ENV PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1 \
PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1 \
POETRY_VERSION=1.0.5
RUN apk add --no-cache gcc libffi-dev musl-dev postgresql-dev
RUN pip install "poetry==$POETRY_VERSION"
RUN python -m venv /venv
COPY pyproject.toml poetry.lock ./
RUN poetry export -f requirements.txt | /venv/bin/pip install -r /dev/stdin
COPY . .
RUN poetry build && /venv/bin/pip install dist/*.whl
FROM base as final
RUN apk add --no-cache libffi libpq
COPY --from=builder /venv /venv
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh wsgi.py ./
CMD ["./docker-entrypoint.sh"]
docker-entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/sh
set -e
. /venv/bin/activate
while ! flask db upgrade
do
echo "Retry..."
sleep 1
done
exec gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:5000 --forwarded-allow-ips='*' wsgi:app
wsgi.py
import your_app
app = your_app.create_app()
其他回答
这里有一个不同的方法,使诗歌完整,所以你仍然可以使用诗歌添加等。如果你使用的是VS Code开发容器,这很好。
简而言之,安装Poetry,让Poetry创建虚拟环境,然后在每次启动新shell时通过修改.bashrc进入虚拟环境。
FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3 python3-pip curl
# Use Python 3 for `python`, `pip`
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 1 \
&& update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/bin/pip3 1
# Install Poetry
RUN curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/python-poetry/poetry/master/install-poetry.py | python3 -
ENV PATH "$PATH:/root/.local/bin/"
# Install Poetry packages (maybe remove the poetry.lock line if you don't want/have a lock file)
COPY pyproject.toml ./
COPY poetry.lock ./
RUN poetry install --no-interaction
# Provide a known path for the virtual environment by creating a symlink
RUN ln -s $(poetry env info --path) /var/my-venv
# Clean up project files. You can add them with a Docker mount later.
RUN rm pyproject.toml poetry.lock
# Hide virtual env prompt
ENV VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT 1
# Start virtual env when bash starts
RUN echo 'source /var/my-venv/bin/activate' >> ~/.bashrc
提醒一下,没有必要避免使用virtualenv。它不会影响表演,没有它们,诗歌也不能正常工作。
编辑:@Davos指出,除非你已经有一个pyproject,否则这是行不通的。汤姆和诗歌。锁文件。如果您需要处理这种情况,您可以使用这个变通方法,无论这些文件是否存在,它都应该有效。
COPY pyproject.toml* ./
COPY poetry.lock* ./
RUN poetry init --no-interaction; (exit 0) # Does nothing if pyproject.toml exists
RUN poetry install --no-interaction
我的python应用程序的Dockerfile看起来像这样-
FROM python:3.10-alpine
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN pip install -U pip poetry==1.1.13
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN poetry export --without-hashes --format=requirements.txt > requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
EXPOSE 8000
ENTRYPOINT [ "python" ]
CMD ["main.py"]
有两个项目,你可以看到如何正确地做到这一点,或者你可以使用这些项目来构建你自己的图像,因为它们只是基础图像:
https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-gunicorn-poetry
base image的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/build/Dockerfile
ARG OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE
FROM ${OFFICIAL_PYTHON_IMAGE}
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=off \
PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=on \
PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
POETRY_VERSION=1.1.11 \
POETRY_HOME="/opt/poetry" \
POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true \
PYTHONPATH=/application_root \
VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH="/application_root/.venv"
ENV PATH="$POETRY_HOME/bin:$VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH/bin:$PATH"
# https://python-poetry.org/docs/#osx--linux--bashonwindows-install-instructions
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
build-essential \
curl \
&& curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python - \
&& apt-get purge --auto-remove -y \
build-essential \
curl
COPY ./scripts/start_uvicorn.sh /application_server/
RUN chmod +x /application_server/start_uvicorn.sh
COPY ./scripts/pytest_entrypoint.sh ./scripts/black_entrypoint.sh /entrypoints/
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh
RUN chmod +x /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/application_server/start_uvicorn.sh"]
样例工程图片的Dockerfile: https://github.com/max-pfeiffer/uvicorn-poetry/blob/main/examples/fast_api_multistage_build/Dockerfile
ARG BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG=pfeiffermax/uvicorn-poetry:1.0.1-python3.9.8-slim-bullseye
FROM ${BASE_IMAGE_NAME_AND_TAG} as base-image
WORKDIR /application_root
# install [tool.poetry.dependencies]
# this will install virtual environment into /.venv because of POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_IN_PROJECT=true
# see: https://python-poetry.org/docs/configuration/#virtualenvsin-project
COPY ./poetry.lock ./pyproject.toml /application_root/
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root --no-dev
FROM base-image as test-base-image
ENV LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY /app /application_root/app/
COPY /tests /application_root/tests/
# image for running pep8 checks
FROM test-base-image as black-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/black_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
CMD ["--target-version py39", "--check", " --line-length 80", "app"]
# image for running unit tests
FROM test-base-image as unit-test-image
ENTRYPOINT /entrypoints/pytest_entrypoint.sh $0 $@
# You need to use pytest-cov as pytest plugin. Makes life very simple.
# tests directory is configured in pyproject.toml
# https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-cov
CMD ["--cov=app", "--cov-report=xml:/test_coverage_reports/unit_tests_coverage.xml"]
FROM base-image as development-image
ENV RELOAD="true" \
LOG_LEVEL="debug"
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# install [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
COPY . /application_root/
FROM base-image as production-image
COPY --from=base-image $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH $VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
# This RUN statement fixes an issue while running the tests with GitHub Actions.
# Tests work reliable locally on my machine or running GitHub Actions using act.
# There is a bug with multistage builds in GitHub Actions which I can also reliable reproduce
# see: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/37965
# Will also check if I can fix that annoying issue with some tweaks to docker build args
# see: https://gist.github.com/UrsaDK/f90c9632997a70cfe2a6df2797731ac8
RUN true
COPY /app /application_root/app/
我的Dockerfile基于@lmiguelvargasf的回答。请参考他的帖子获得更详细的解释。我唯一的重大改变是以下几点:
我现在使用的是最新的官方安装程序install- poem .py,而不是官方文档中推荐的已弃用的get- poem .py。我还使用——version标志安装了一个特定的版本,但你也可以使用环境变量poeetry_version。更多关于他们官方文件的信息! 我使用的PATH是/root/。local/bin:$PATH而不是${PATH}:/root/。诗词/bin从OP的Dockerfile
FROM python:3.10.4-slim-buster
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1 \
PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install curl -y \
&& curl -sSL https://install.python-poetry.org | python - --version 1.1.13
ENV PATH="/root/.local/bin:$PATH"
WORKDIR /usr/app
COPY pyproject.toml poetry.lock ./
RUN poetry config virtualenvs.create false \
&& poetry install --no-dev --no-interaction --no-ansi
COPY ./src ./
EXPOSE 5000
CMD [ "poetry", "run", "gunicorn", "-b", "0.0.0.0:5000", "test_poetry.app:create_app()" ]
我使用一个锁包(包依赖于锁文件中的所有版本)创建了一个解决方案。这将导致没有需求文件的纯pip安装。
步骤是:构建包,构建锁包,将两个轮子复制到容器中,使用pip安装两个轮子。
安装是:诗词add——dev诗词锁包
docker构建之外的步骤是:
poetry build
poetry run poetry-lock-package --build
然后你的Dockerfile应该包含:
FROM python:3-slim
COPY dist/*.whl /
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir /*.whl \
&& rm -rf /*.whl
CMD ["python", "-m", "entry_module"]
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