这是个有趣的问题。从我的经验来看，当你为代码争论这个问题时，有一个终极问题需要考虑:

为什么变量需要是全局的?

It makes sense to only declare the variable once, globally, as opposed to many times locally, because it is better for organizing the code and requires less lines of code. However, if it only needs to be declared locally within one method, I would initialize it in that method so it is clear that the variable is exclusively relevant to that method. Be careful not to call this variable outside the method in which it is initialized if you choose the latter option--your code won't know what you're talking about and will report an error.

另外，作为旁注，不要在不同的方法之间重复局部变量名，即使它们的目的几乎相同;这让人很困惑。

从性能的角度来看，外部(要好得多)。

public static void outside() {
    double intermediateResult;
    for(int i=0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++){
        intermediateResult = i;
    }
}

public static void inside() {
    for(int i=0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++){
        double intermediateResult = i;
    }
}

两个函数我都执行了10亿次。 Outside()耗时65毫秒。Inside()耗时1.5秒。

我总是使用A(而不是依赖于编译器)，也可能重写为:

for(int i=0, double intermediateResult=0; i<1000; i++){
    intermediateResult = i;
    System.out.println(intermediateResult);
}

这仍然将intermediateResult限制在循环的范围内，但不会在每次迭代期间重新声明。

作为一般规则，我将变量声明在最内部的可能范围内。如果你不在循环外使用intermediateResult，那么我会用B。

以下是我在。net中编写和编译的内容。

double r0;
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
    r0 = i*i;
    Console.WriteLine(r0);
}

for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
    double r1 = j*j;
    Console.WriteLine(r1);
}

这是我从。net Reflector中得到的，当CIL被渲染回代码时。

for (int i = 0; i < 0x3e8; i++)
{
    double r0 = i * i;
    Console.WriteLine(r0);
}
for (int j = 0; j < 0x3e8; j++)
{
    double r1 = j * j;
    Console.WriteLine(r1);
}

So both look exactly same after compilation. In managed languages code is converted into CL/byte code and at time of execution it's converted into machine language. So in machine language a double may not even be created on the stack. It may just be a register as code reflect that it is a temporary variable for WriteLine function. There are a whole set optimization rules just for loops. So the average guy shouldn't be worried about it, especially in managed languages. There are cases when you can optimize manage code, for example, if you have to concatenate a large number of strings using just string a; a+=anotherstring[i] vs using StringBuilder. There is very big difference in performance between both. There are a lot of such cases where the compiler cannot optimize your code, because it cannot figure out what is intended in a bigger scope. But it can pretty much optimize basic things for you.

我怀疑一些编译器可以将两者优化为相同的代码，但肯定不是全部。所以我觉得你还是选择前者比较好。使用后者的唯一原因是希望确保声明的变量仅在循环中使用。