我一直想知道，在一般情况下，在循环之前声明一个丢弃的变量，而不是在循环内部重复，使任何(性能)差异? Java中的一个(非常无意义的)例子:
A)循环前声明:
double intermediateResult;
for(int i=0; i < 1000; i++){
intermediateResult = i;
System.out.println(intermediateResult);
}
B)声明(重复)内部循环:
for(int i=0; i < 1000; i++){
double intermediateResult = i;
System.out.println(intermediateResult);
}
哪个更好，a还是b?
我怀疑重复的变量声明(例b)在理论上会产生更多的开销，但编译器足够聪明，所以这无关紧要。例b的优点是更紧凑，并且将变量的作用域限制在使用它的地方。尽管如此，我还是倾向于根据示例a编写代码。
编辑:我对Java案例特别感兴趣。
当前回答
以下是我在。net中编写和编译的内容。
double r0;
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
r0 = i*i;
Console.WriteLine(r0);
}
for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
double r1 = j*j;
Console.WriteLine(r1);
}
这是我从。net Reflector中得到的，当CIL被渲染回代码时。
for (int i = 0; i < 0x3e8; i++)
{
double r0 = i * i;
Console.WriteLine(r0);
}
for (int j = 0; j < 0x3e8; j++)
{
double r1 = j * j;
Console.WriteLine(r1);
}
So both look exactly same after compilation. In managed languages code is converted into CL/byte code and at time of execution it's converted into machine language. So in machine language a double may not even be created on the stack. It may just be a register as code reflect that it is a temporary variable for WriteLine function. There are a whole set optimization rules just for loops. So the average guy shouldn't be worried about it, especially in managed languages. There are cases when you can optimize manage code, for example, if you have to concatenate a large number of strings using just string a; a+=anotherstring[i] vs using StringBuilder. There is very big difference in performance between both. There are a lot of such cases where the compiler cannot optimize your code, because it cannot figure out what is intended in a bigger scope. But it can pretty much optimize basic things for you.
其他回答
我认为这取决于编译器，很难给出一个一般的答案。
这取决于语言- IIRC c#优化了这一点，所以没有任何区别，但JavaScript(例如)每次都会完成整个内存分配过程。
从性能的角度来看，外部(要好得多)。
public static void outside() {
double intermediateResult;
for(int i=0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++){
intermediateResult = i;
}
}
public static void inside() {
for(int i=0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++){
double intermediateResult = i;
}
}
两个函数我都执行了10亿次。 Outside()耗时65毫秒。Inside()耗时1.5秒。
这是更好的形式
double intermediateResult;
int i = byte.MinValue;
for(; i < 1000; i++)
{
intermediateResult = i;
System.out.println(intermediateResult);
}
1)这样声明一次时间既是变量，而不是每次为周期。 2)任务比其他选项都要大。 3)所以最佳实践规则是迭代之外的任何声明。
好吧，你可以为它设定一个范围:
{ //Or if(true) if the language doesn't support making scopes like this
double intermediateResult;
for (int i=0; i<1000; i++) {
intermediateResult = i;
System.out.println(intermediateResult);
}
}
这样你只声明了变量一次，当你离开循环时它就死了。
