虽然这里不包括集合，但它很好地解释了字典和列表:

Lists are what they seem - a list of values. Each one of them is numbered, starting from zero - the first one is numbered zero, the second 1, the third 2, etc. You can remove values from the list, and add new values to the end. Example: Your many cats' names. Dictionaries are similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. In python, the word is called a 'key', and the definition a 'value'. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - tare similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - they aren't in any specific order, either - the key does the same thing. You can add, remove, and modify the values in dictionaries. Example: telephone book.

http://www.sthurlow.com/python/lesson06/

虽然这里不包括集合，但它很好地解释了字典和列表:

Lists are what they seem - a list of values. Each one of them is numbered, starting from zero - the first one is numbered zero, the second 1, the third 2, etc. You can remove values from the list, and add new values to the end. Example: Your many cats' names. Dictionaries are similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. In python, the word is called a 'key', and the definition a 'value'. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - tare similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - they aren't in any specific order, either - the key does the same thing. You can add, remove, and modify the values in dictionaries. Example: telephone book.

http://www.sthurlow.com/python/lesson06/

list保持顺序，dict和set则不然:因此，当您关心顺序时，必须使用list(当然，如果您选择的容器仅限于这三种;-))。

Dict将每个键与值关联，而list和set只包含值:显然，这是非常不同的用例。

Set要求项是可哈希的，list不需要:因此，如果你有不可哈希的项，你不能使用Set，而必须使用list。

集合禁止重复，列表不重复:也是一个至关重要的区别。(在集合中可以找到一个“multiset”，它将重复项映射到一个不同的计数中，用于出现一次以上的项目。Counter——如果出于某种奇怪的原因无法导入集合，可以将其构建为dict，或者在2.7之前的Python中，将其作为collections.defaultdict(int)，使用项作为键，并将相关值作为计数)。

在一个集合(或dict，键)中检查一个值的成员关系非常快(大约需要一个常数，很短的时间)，而在一个列表中，在平均和最坏的情况下，它所花费的时间与列表的长度成正比。所以，如果你有可哈希的项，不关心顺序或重复，并且想要快速的成员检查，set比list更好。

简而言之，使用:

列表-如果你需要一个有序的项目序列。

Dict -如果你需要将值与键联系起来

设置—如果您需要保留唯一的元素。

详细解释

List

列表是一个可变序列，通常用于存储同构项的集合。

列表实现了所有常见的序列操作:

X在l里和X不在l里 L [i]， L [i:j]， L [i:j:k] Len (l) min(l) max(l) l.count (x) l.index(x[， i[， j]]) - x在l中第一次出现的索引(在i前后和j索引之前)

list还实现了所有可变序列操作:

l[i] = x - item i of l is replaced by x l[i:j] = t - slice of l from i to j is replaced by the contents of the iterable t del l[i:j] - same as l[i:j] = [] l[i:j:k] = t - the elements of l[i:j:k] are replaced by those of t del l[i:j:k] - removes the elements of s[i:j:k] from the list l.append(x) - appends x to the end of the sequence l.clear() - removes all items from l (same as del l[:]) l.copy() - creates a shallow copy of l (same as l[:]) l.extend(t) or l += t - extends l with the contents of t l *= n - updates l with its contents repeated n times l.insert(i, x) - inserts x into l at the index given by i l.pop([i]) - retrieves the item at i and also removes it from l l.remove(x) - remove the first item from l where l[i] is equal to x l.reverse() - reverses the items of l in place

可以利用append和pop方法将列表用作堆栈。

字典

字典将可哈希值映射到任意对象。字典是一个可变对象。字典的主要操作是存储带有某个键的值，并在给定键的情况下提取值。

在字典中，不能使用不可哈希的值作为键，即包含列表、字典或其他可变类型的值。

Set

set是不同哈希对象的无序集合。集合通常用于包括成员测试，从序列中删除重复项，以及计算数学操作，如交集、并集、差分和对称差分。

列表就是它们看起来的那样——一个值的列表。每一个都有编号，从0开始——第一个编号为0，第二个编号为1，第三个编号为2，以此类推。您可以从列表中删除值，并在末尾添加新值。例子:你的许多猫的名字。

元组就像列表一样，但是你不能改变它们的值。你首先给出的值，就是你在接下来的程序中一直用到的值。同样，每个值都从0开始编号，以便于参考。例如:一年中月份的名称。

Dictionaries are similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. In python, the word is called a 'key', and the definition a 'value'. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - tare similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. In python, the word is called a 'key', and the definition a 'value'. The values in a dictionary aren't numbered - they aren't in any specific order, either - the key does the same thing. You can add, remove, and modify the values in dictionaries. Example: telephone book.

就OP问的问题而言，可能跑题了-

List:有序、可变对象的不可分解集合。 元组:有序的、不可变对象的可哈希集合，如 列表。 Set:一个不可哈希的无序、可变和不同的集合 对象。 Frozenset:无序、不可变和的可哈希集合 不同的对象。 字典:可变对象的不可哈希的无序集合 将哈希值映射到任意值。

要从视觉上比较它们，一目了然，请看图-