这里是c++ in-place构造函数的杀手级用法:对齐缓存线，以及其他2边界的幂。以下是我的超快速指针对齐算法，使用5个或更少的单周期指令，达到2边界的任意幂:

/* Quickly aligns the given pointer to a power of two boundary IN BYTES.
@return An aligned pointer of typename T.
@brief Algorithm is a 2's compliment trick that works by masking off
the desired number in 2's compliment and adding them to the
pointer.
@param pointer The pointer to align.
@param boundary_byte_count The boundary byte count that must be an even
power of 2.
@warning Function does not check if the boundary is a power of 2! */
template <typename T = char>
inline T* AlignUp(void* pointer, uintptr_t boundary_byte_count) {
  uintptr_t value = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pointer);
  value += (((~value) + 1) & (boundary_byte_count - 1));
  return reinterpret_cast<T*>(value);
}

struct Foo { Foo () {} };
char buffer[sizeof (Foo) + 64];
Foo* foo = new (AlignUp<Foo> (buffer, 64)) Foo ();

这是不是让你的脸上露出了微笑(:)。我♥♥♥c++ 1x

Head Geek: BINGO! You got it totally - that's exactly what it's perfect for. In many embedded environments, external constraints and/or the overall use scenario forces the programmer to separate the allocation of an object from its initialization. Lumped together, C++ calls this "instantiation"; but whenever the constructor's action must be explicitly invoked WITHOUT dynamic or automatic allocation, placement new is the way to do it. It's also the perfect way to locate a global C++ object that is pinned to the address of a hardware component (memory-mapped I/O), or for any static object that, for whatever reason, must reside at a fixed address.

它可能在使用共享内存时很方便，在其他用途中…例如:http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_51_0/doc/html/interprocess/synchronization_mechanisms.html#interprocess.synchronization_mechanisms.conditions.conditions_anonymous_example

在序列化时(比如使用boost::serialization)，放置new也非常有用。在c++的10年里，这只是我第二次需要新职位的情况(如果你包括面试的话，这是第三次:))。

如果你正在构建一个内核，它很有用——你把从磁盘或页表读取的内核代码放在哪里?你得知道该往哪里跳。

或者在其他非常罕见的情况下，比如当你有大量分配的空间，想要把几个结构放在彼此后面。它们可以这样打包，而不需要使用offset()操作符。不过，还有其他的技巧。

我也相信一些STL实现使用了新位置，比如std::vector。它们以这种方式为2^n个元素分配空间，而不需要总是realloc。

The one place I've run across it is in containers which allocate a contiguous buffer and then fill it with objects as required. As mentioned, std::vector might do this, and I know some versions of MFC CArray and/or CList did this (because that's where I first ran across it). The buffer over-allocation method is a very useful optimization, and placement new is pretty much the only way to construct objects in that scenario. It is also used sometimes to construct objects in memory blocks allocated outside of your direct code.

我在类似的情况下使用过它，尽管它不经常出现。不过，它是c++工具箱中的一个有用工具。