签出此解决方案。我成功拿到了现在的碎片。

if(getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
        android.support.v4.app.Fragment f = 
         getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_container);
        if(f instanceof ProfileFragment){
            Log.d(TAG, "Profile Fragment");
        }else if(f instanceof SavedLocationsFragment){
            Log.d(TAG, "SavedLocations Fragment");
        }else if(f instanceof AddLocationFragment){
            Log.d(TAG, "Add Locations Fragment");
        }

In the main activity, the onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) method is called when a new fragment is attached to the activity. In this method, you can get the instance of the current fragment. However, the onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) method is not called when a fragment is popped off the back stack, ie, when the back button is pressed to get the top fragment on top of the stack. I am still looking for a callback method that is triggered in the main activity when a fragment becomes visible inside the activity.

它非常简单，不需要编写太多代码 yourFragment.isAdded () 或 yourFragment.isVisible ();

我更喜欢isAdded()，它们都返回布尔值使用它在if条件，必须在onCreate()初始化你的片段，否则你会得到空点异常。

我最近不得不这样做，这里没有一个答案真正适合这种情况。

如果你确信只有一个片段是可见的(全屏)，那么真的要找到backstack顶部的内容。例如，作为Fragment的Kotlin:

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment

fun Fragment.setVisibilityChangeListener(clazz: Class<out Fragment>, listener: (Boolean) -> Unit) {
    fragmentManager?.run {
        addOnBackStackChangedListener {
            val topFragmentTag = getBackStackEntryAt(backStackEntryCount - 1).name
            val topFragment = findFragmentByTag(topFragmentTag)
            listener(topFragment != null && topFragment::class.java == clazz)
        }
    }
}

像这样使用它:

class MyFragment: Fragment {
    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

        setVisibilityChangeListener(this::class.java) { visible -> 
            // Do stuff
        }
    }
}

如果你有嵌套片段，如viewpagers内部viewpagers等 你想要得到所有嵌套的片段。

感谢Matt Mombrea的好意，回答一个稍微调整的版本。

private List<Fragment> getVisibleFragments(List<Fragment> searchFragments, List<Fragment> visibleFragments) {
    if (searchFragments != null && searchFragments.size() > 0) {
        for (Fragment fragment : searchFragments) {
            List<Fragment> nestedFragments = new ArrayList<>();
            List<Fragment> childFMFragments = fragment.getChildFragmentManager().getFragments();
            List<Fragment> fmFragments = fragment.getFragmentManager().getFragments();
            fmFragments.retainAll(childFMFragments);
            nestedFragments.addAll(childFMFragments);
            nestedFragments.addAll(fmFragments);
            getVisibleFragments(nestedFragments, visibleFragments);
            if (fragment != null && fragment.isVisible()) {
                visibleFragments.add(fragment);
            }
        }
    }
    return visibleFragments;
}

用法如下:

List<Fragment> allVisibleFragments = getVisibleFragments(searchFragments, visibleFragments);

例如:

List<Fragment> visibleFragments = new ArrayList<>();
List<Fragment> searchFragments = MainActivity.this.getSupportFragmentManager().getFragments();
Toast.makeText(this, ""+getVisibleFragments(searchFragments, visibleFragments), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

public Fragment getVisibleFragment() {
    FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
    List<Fragment> fragments = fragmentManager.getFragments();
    if(fragments != null) {
        for (Fragment fragment : fragments) {
            if (fragment != null && fragment.isVisible())
                return fragment;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

这对我很有用。在遍历片段列表之前，需要执行空检查。可能存在这样一种情况，即堆栈上没有加载任何片段。

返回的片段可以与您想放入堆栈中的片段进行比较。