严格相等运算符将告诉您两个对象类型是否相等。然而,是否有一种方法来判断两个对象是否相等,就像Java中的哈希码值一样?

堆栈溢出问题JavaScript中有hashCode函数吗?类似于这个问题,但需要一个更学术的答案。上面的场景说明了为什么有必要有一个,我想知道是否有等效的解决方案。


当前回答

EDIT: This method is quite flawed, and is rife with its own issues. I don't recommend it, and would appreciate some down-votes! It is problematic because 1) Some things can not be compared (i.e. functions) because they can not be serialized, 2) It isn't a very fast method of comparing, 3) It has ordering issues, 4) It can have collision issues/false positives if not properly implemented, 5) It can't check for "exactness" (===), and instead is based of value equality, which is oftentimes not what is desired in a comparison method.

这个问题的一个简单解决方案是对JSON字符串进行排序(每个字符),但很多人没有意识到这一点。这通常也比这里提到的其他解决方案更快:

function areEqual(obj1, obj2) {
    var a = JSON.stringify(obj1), b = JSON.stringify(obj2);
    if (!a) a = '';
    if (!b) b = '';
    return (a.split('').sort().join('') == b.split('').sort().join(''));
}

关于这个方法的另一个有用的事情是,您可以通过向JSON传递一个“replace”函数来筛选比较。stringify函数(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/stringify#Example_of_using_replacer_parameter)。下面只比较所有命名为“derp”的对象键:

function areEqual(obj1, obj2, filter) {
    var a = JSON.stringify(obj1, filter), b = JSON.stringify(obj2, filter);
    if (!a) a = '';
    if (!b) b = '';
    return (a.split('').sort().join('') == b.split('').sort().join(''));
}
var equal = areEqual(obj1, obj2, function(key, value) {
    return (key === 'derp') ? value : undefined;
});

其他回答

如果要比较JSON对象,可以使用https://github.com/mirek/node-rus-diff

npm install rus-diff

用法:

a = {foo:{bar:1}}
b = {foo:{bar:1}}
c = {foo:{bar:2}}

var rusDiff = require('rus-diff').rusDiff

console.log(rusDiff(a, b)) // -> false, meaning a and b are equal
console.log(rusDiff(a, c)) // -> { '$set': { 'foo.bar': 2 } }

如果两个对象不同,MongoDB兼容{$rename:{…},设置美元:{…},美元:{…返回}}like对象。

假设对象中属性的顺序没有改变。

JSON.stringify()适用于深度和非深度这两种类型的对象,不太确定性能方面:

Var object1 = { 关键:“价值” }; Var object2 = { 关键:“价值” }; Var object3 = { 键:“无值” }; console.log('object1和object2相等:',JSON.stringify(object1) === JSON.stringify(object2)); console.log('object2和object3相等:',JSON.stringify(object2) === JSON.stringify(object3));

EDIT: This method is quite flawed, and is rife with its own issues. I don't recommend it, and would appreciate some down-votes! It is problematic because 1) Some things can not be compared (i.e. functions) because they can not be serialized, 2) It isn't a very fast method of comparing, 3) It has ordering issues, 4) It can have collision issues/false positives if not properly implemented, 5) It can't check for "exactness" (===), and instead is based of value equality, which is oftentimes not what is desired in a comparison method.

这个问题的一个简单解决方案是对JSON字符串进行排序(每个字符),但很多人没有意识到这一点。这通常也比这里提到的其他解决方案更快:

function areEqual(obj1, obj2) {
    var a = JSON.stringify(obj1), b = JSON.stringify(obj2);
    if (!a) a = '';
    if (!b) b = '';
    return (a.split('').sort().join('') == b.split('').sort().join(''));
}

关于这个方法的另一个有用的事情是,您可以通过向JSON传递一个“replace”函数来筛选比较。stringify函数(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/stringify#Example_of_using_replacer_parameter)。下面只比较所有命名为“derp”的对象键:

function areEqual(obj1, obj2, filter) {
    var a = JSON.stringify(obj1, filter), b = JSON.stringify(obj2, filter);
    if (!a) a = '';
    if (!b) b = '';
    return (a.split('').sort().join('') == b.split('').sort().join(''));
}
var equal = areEqual(obj1, obj2, function(key, value) {
    return (key === 'derp') ? value : undefined;
});

另外一个选项是使用Ramda库的equals:

const c = {a: 1, b: 2};
const d = {b: 2, a: 1};
R.equals(c, d); //=> true

纯JS方法:我的答案是基于生成一个返回相同值的字符串,无论属性顺序是否相同。设置对象可用于切换大小写和空白是否重要。(为了避免失去焦点,我没有包括那些支持函数,或者我猜应该在任何实用程序集中的isObject。)

这里也没有显示,但为了减少字符串比较时间,如果对象很大,你想加快比较,你也可以散列字符串和比较子字符串;这只适用于非常大的对象(当然也有很小的机会出现错误的相等)。

然后你可以比较genObjStr(obj1) ?= genObjStr(obj2)

function genObjStr(obj, settings) {
// Generate a string that corresponds to an object guarenteed to be the same str even if
// the object have different ordering. The string would largely be used for comparison purposes

var settings = settings||{};
var doStripWhiteSpace = defTrue(settings.doStripWhiteSpace);
var doSetLowerCase = settings.doSetLowerCase||false;

if(isArray(obj)) {
    var vals = [];
    for(var i = 0; i < obj.length; ++i) {
        vals.push(genObjStr(obj[i], settings));
    }
    vals = arraySort(vals);
    return vals.join(`,`);

} else if(isObject(obj)) {

    var keys = Object.keys(obj);
    keys = arraySort(keys);

    var vals = [];
    for(var key of keys) {
        
        var value = obj[key];
        
        value = genObjStr(value, settings);

        if(doStripWhiteSpace) {
            key = removeWhitespace(key);
            var value = removeWhitespace(value);
        };
        if(doSetLowerCase) {
            key = key.toLowerCase();
            value = value.toLowerCase();
        }

        vals.push(value);
    }
    var str = JSON.stringify({keys: keys, vals: vals});
    return str
} else {
    if(doStripWhiteSpace) {
        obj = removeWhitespace(obj);
    };
    if(doSetLowerCase) {
        obj = obj.toLowerCase();
    }
    return obj
}

}

var obj1 = {foo: 123, bar: `Test`};
var obj2 = {bar: `Test`, foo: 123};

console.log(genObjStr(obj1) == genObjStr(obj1))