通常，一旦两个表已经连接，就在WHERE子句中处理筛选。这是有可能的，不过您可能希望在连接它们之前过滤一个或两个表。 也就是说，where子句适用于整个结果集，而on子句只适用于相关的连接。

当涉及到左连接时，where子句和on子句之间有很大的区别。

这里有一个例子:

mysql> desc t1; 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| fid   | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| v     | varchar(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

fid是表t2的id。

mysql> desc t2;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| v     | varchar(10) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查询“on子句”:

mysql> SELECT * FROM `t1` left join t2 on fid = t2.id AND t1.v = 'K' 
    -> ;
+----+-----+---+------+------+
| id | fid | v | id   | v    |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
|  1 |   1 | H | NULL | NULL |
|  2 |   1 | B | NULL | NULL |
|  3 |   2 | H | NULL | NULL |
|  4 |   7 | K | NULL | NULL |
|  5 |   5 | L | NULL | NULL |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

where子句查询:

mysql> SELECT * FROM `t1` left join t2 on fid = t2.id where t1.v = 'K';
+----+-----+---+------+------+
| id | fid | v | id   | v    |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
|  4 |   7 | K | NULL | NULL |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

很明显， 第一个查询从t1返回一条记录，从t2返回与t1相关的行(如果有的话)。v = 'K'。

第二个查询返回来自t1的行，但只针对t1。v = 'K'将有任何与它相关的行。

在SQL中，'WHERE'和'ON'子句是一种条件语句，但它们之间的主要区别是，'WHERE'子句用于选择/更新语句中指定条件，而'ON'子句用于连接，在连接表之前，它验证或检查目标表和源表中的记录是否匹配

例如:“WHERE”

SELECT * FROM employee WHERE employee_id=101

例如:- 'ON'

有两个表employee和employee_details，对应的列为employee_id。

SELECT * FROM employee 
INNER JOIN employee_details 
ON employee.employee_id = employee_details.employee_id

希望我已经回答了你的问题。 回复以获得任何澄清。

我的做法是:

Always put the join conditions in the ON clause if you are doing an INNER JOIN. So, do not add any WHERE conditions to the ON clause, put them in the WHERE clause. If you are doing a LEFT JOIN, add any WHERE conditions to the ON clause for the table in the right side of the join. This is a must, because adding a WHERE clause that references the right side of the join will convert the join to an INNER JOIN. The exception is when you are looking for the records that are not in a particular table. You would add the reference to a unique identifier (that is not ever NULL) in the RIGHT JOIN table to the WHERE clause this way: WHERE t2.idfield IS NULL. So, the only time you should reference a table on the right side of the join is to find those records which are not in the table.

对于内连接，它们的含义相同。但是，在外部连接中将得到不同的结果，这取决于您将连接条件放在WHERE子句中还是on子句中。看看这个相关的问题和答案(由我)。

我认为习惯总是把连接条件放在ON子句中是最有意义的(除非它是一个外部连接，而且你确实想把它放在where子句中)，因为它使阅读你的查询的任何人都更清楚表是在什么条件下被连接的，而且它还有助于防止where子句长几十行。

这就是我的解。

SELECT song_ID,songs.fullname, singers.fullname
FROM music JOIN songs ON songs.ID = music.song_ID  
JOIN singers ON singers.ID = music.singer_ID
GROUP BY songs.fullname

你必须有GROUP BY才能让它工作。

希望这对你有所帮助。