.shuffle()和.shuffled()是Swift的一部分


原历史问题:

我如何随机或洗牌在Swift数组中的元素?例如,如果我的数组包含52张扑克牌,我想要洗牌数组以洗牌牌组。


当前回答

在Swift 3中,如果你想洗牌一个数组,或者从一个数组中获得一个新的洗牌数组,AnyIterator可以帮助你。其思想是从数组中创建一个索引数组,用AnyIterator实例和swap(_:_:)函数洗牌这些索引,并将AnyIterator实例中的每个元素映射到数组的相应元素。


下面的Playground代码展示了它是如何工作的:

import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform

let array = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
var indexArray = Array(array.indices)
var index = indexArray.endIndex

let indexIterator: AnyIterator<Int> = AnyIterator {
    guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
        else { return nil }

    index = nextIndex
    let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
    if randomIndex != index {
        swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
    }

    return indexArray[index]
}

let newArray = indexIterator.map { array[$0] }
print(newArray) // may print: ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "JR", "Pamela", "Bobby"]

你可以重构前面的代码,并在Array扩展中创建一个shuffled()函数,以便从数组中获得一个新的洗牌数组:

import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform

extension Array {

    func shuffled() -> Array<Element> {
        var indexArray = Array<Int>(indices)        
        var index = indexArray.endIndex

        let indexIterator = AnyIterator<Int> {
            guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
                else { return nil }

            index = nextIndex                
            let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
            if randomIndex != index {
                swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
            }

            return indexArray[index]
        }

        return indexIterator.map { self[$0] }
    }

}

用法:

let array = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
let newArray = array.shuffled()
print(newArray) // may print: ["Bobby", "Pamela", "Jock", "Ellie", "JR", "Sue Ellen"]
let emptyArray = [String]()
let newEmptyArray = emptyArray.shuffled()
print(newEmptyArray) // prints: []

作为前面代码的替代方案,您可以在Array扩展中创建一个shuffle()函数,以便在适当的位置洗牌数组:

import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform

extension Array {

    mutating func shuffle() {
        var indexArray = Array<Int>(indices)
        var index = indexArray.endIndex

        let indexIterator = AnyIterator<Int> {
            guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
                else { return nil }

            index = nextIndex                
            let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
            if randomIndex != index {
                swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
            }

            return indexArray[index]
        }

        self = indexIterator.map { self[$0] }
    }

}

用法:

var mutatingArray = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
mutatingArray.shuffle()
print(mutatingArray) // may print ["Sue Ellen", "Pamela", "Jock", "Ellie", "Bobby", "JR"]

其他回答

如果你想使用简单的Swift For循环函数,使用这个->

var arrayItems = ["A1", "B2", "C3", "D4", "E5", "F6", "G7", "H8", "X9", "Y10", "Z11"]
var shuffledArray = [String]()

for i in 0..<arrayItems.count
{
    let randomObject = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(items.count)))

    shuffledArray.append(items[randomObject])

    items.remove(at: randomObject)
}

print(shuffledArray)

Swift Array使用扩展名->

extension Array {
    // Order Randomize
    mutating func shuffle() {
        for _ in 0..<count {
            sort { (_,_) in arc4random() < arc4random() }
        }
    }
}

这是Nate为Swift 4实现的Fisher-Yates shuffle的一个版本 (Xcode 9)。

extension MutableCollection {
    /// Shuffle the elements of `self` in-place.
    mutating func shuffle() {
        for i in indices.dropLast() {
            let diff = distance(from: i, to: endIndex)
            let j = index(i, offsetBy: numericCast(arc4random_uniform(numericCast(diff))))
            swapAt(i, j)
        }
    }
}

extension Collection {
    /// Return a copy of `self` with its elements shuffled
    func shuffled() -> [Element] {
        var list = Array(self)
        list.shuffle()
        return list
    }
}

这些变化是:

约束indexes . iterator . element == Index现在是部分 的收集协议,并且不需要强加于 扩展了。 交换元素必须通过调用集合上的swapAt()来完成, 添加mutableccollection . swapat(_:_:)。 Element是Iterator.Element的别名。

在我的例子中,我在数组中交换对象时遇到了一些问题。然后我挠头,开始重新发明轮子。

// swift 3.0 ready
extension Array {

    func shuffled() -> [Element] {
        var results = [Element]()
        var indexes = (0 ..< count).map { $0 }
        while indexes.count > 0 {
            let indexOfIndexes = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(indexes.count)))
            let index = indexes[indexOfIndexes]
            results.append(self[index])
            indexes.remove(at: indexOfIndexes)
        }
        return results
    }

}

斯威夫特4 在for循环中洗牌数组的元素,其中i是混合比例

var cards = [Int]() //Some Array
let i = 4 // is the mixing ratio
func shuffleCards() {
    for _ in 0 ..< cards.count * i {
        let card = cards.remove(at: Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(cards.count))))
        cards.insert(card, at: Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(cards.count))))
    }
}

或者扩展为Int

func shuffleCards() {
    for _ in 0 ..< cards.count * i {
        let card = cards.remove(at: cards.count.arc4random)
        cards.insert(card, at: cards.count.arc4random)
    }
}
extension Int {
    var arc4random: Int {
        if self > 0 {
            print("Arc for random positiv self \(Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self))))")
        return Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self)))
        } else if self < 0 {
            print("Arc for random negotiv self \(-Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(abs(self)))))")
            return -Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(abs(self))))
        } else {
            print("Arc for random equal 0")
            return 0
        }
    }
}

工作! !生物体是要洗牌的数组。

extension Array
{
    /** Randomizes the order of an array's elements. */
    mutating func shuffle()
    {
        for _ in 0..<10
        {
            sort { (_,_) in arc4random() < arc4random() }
        }
    }
}

var organisms = [
    "ant",  "bacteria", "cougar",
    "dog",  "elephant", "firefly",
    "goat", "hedgehog", "iguana"]

print("Original: \(organisms)")

organisms.shuffle()

print("Shuffled: \(organisms)")