.shuffle()和.shuffled()是Swift的一部分
原历史问题:
我如何随机或洗牌在Swift数组中的元素?例如,如果我的数组包含52张扑克牌,我想要洗牌数组以洗牌牌组。
.shuffle()和.shuffled()是Swift的一部分
原历史问题:
我如何随机或洗牌在Swift数组中的元素?例如,如果我的数组包含52张扑克牌,我想要洗牌数组以洗牌牌组。
当前回答
Swift 3解决方案,遵循@Nate Cook的回答:(如果索引从0开始,请参阅下面的评论)
extension Collection {
/// Return a copy of `self` with its elements shuffled
func shuffle() -> [Generator.Element] {
var list = Array(self)
list.shuffleInPlace()
return list
} }
extension MutableCollection where Index == Int {
/// Shuffle the elements of `self` in-place.
mutating func shuffleInPlace() {
// empty and single-element collections don't shuffle
if count < 2 { return }
let countInt = count as! Int
for i in 0..<countInt - 1 {
let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(countInt - i))) + i
guard i != j else { continue }
swap(&self[i], &self[j])
}
}
}
其他回答
swift 4.2有两个方便的功能:
// shuffles the array in place
myArray.shuffle()
and
// generates a new array with shuffled elements of the old array
let newArray = myArray.shuffled()
在Swift 3中,如果你想洗牌一个数组,或者从一个数组中获得一个新的洗牌数组,AnyIterator可以帮助你。其思想是从数组中创建一个索引数组,用AnyIterator实例和swap(_:_:)函数洗牌这些索引,并将AnyIterator实例中的每个元素映射到数组的相应元素。
下面的Playground代码展示了它是如何工作的:
import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform
let array = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
var indexArray = Array(array.indices)
var index = indexArray.endIndex
let indexIterator: AnyIterator<Int> = AnyIterator {
guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
else { return nil }
index = nextIndex
let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
if randomIndex != index {
swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
}
return indexArray[index]
}
let newArray = indexIterator.map { array[$0] }
print(newArray) // may print: ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "JR", "Pamela", "Bobby"]
你可以重构前面的代码,并在Array扩展中创建一个shuffled()函数,以便从数组中获得一个新的洗牌数组:
import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform
extension Array {
func shuffled() -> Array<Element> {
var indexArray = Array<Int>(indices)
var index = indexArray.endIndex
let indexIterator = AnyIterator<Int> {
guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
else { return nil }
index = nextIndex
let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
if randomIndex != index {
swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
}
return indexArray[index]
}
return indexIterator.map { self[$0] }
}
}
用法:
let array = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
let newArray = array.shuffled()
print(newArray) // may print: ["Bobby", "Pamela", "Jock", "Ellie", "JR", "Sue Ellen"]
let emptyArray = [String]()
let newEmptyArray = emptyArray.shuffled()
print(newEmptyArray) // prints: []
作为前面代码的替代方案,您可以在Array扩展中创建一个shuffle()函数,以便在适当的位置洗牌数组:
import Darwin // required for arc4random_uniform
extension Array {
mutating func shuffle() {
var indexArray = Array<Int>(indices)
var index = indexArray.endIndex
let indexIterator = AnyIterator<Int> {
guard let nextIndex = indexArray.index(index, offsetBy: -1, limitedBy: indexArray.startIndex)
else { return nil }
index = nextIndex
let randomIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(index)))
if randomIndex != index {
swap(&indexArray[randomIndex], &indexArray[index])
}
return indexArray[index]
}
self = indexIterator.map { self[$0] }
}
}
用法:
var mutatingArray = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]
mutatingArray.shuffle()
print(mutatingArray) // may print ["Sue Ellen", "Pamela", "Jock", "Ellie", "Bobby", "JR"]
当我将xCode版本升级到7.4 beta时,它停止在“swap(&self[i], &self[j])”。 致命错误:不支持与自身交换位置
我找到了I = j的原因(交换函数将爆炸)
所以我添加了一个条件,如下所示
if (i != j){
swap(&list[i], &list[j])
}
丫!对我来说没问题。
以Nate的算法为例,我想看看Swift 2和协议扩展会是什么样子。
这是我想到的。
extension MutableCollectionType where Self.Index == Int {
mutating func shuffleInPlace() {
let c = self.count
for i in 0..<(c - 1) {
let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(c - i))) + i
swap(&self[i], &self[j])
}
}
}
extension MutableCollectionType where Self.Index == Int {
func shuffle() -> Self {
var r = self
let c = self.count
for i in 0..<(c - 1) {
let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(c - i))) + i
swap(&r[i], &r[j])
}
return r
}
}
现在,任何MutableCollectionType都可以使用这些方法,因为它使用Int作为索引
如果你想使用简单的Swift For循环函数,使用这个->
var arrayItems = ["A1", "B2", "C3", "D4", "E5", "F6", "G7", "H8", "X9", "Y10", "Z11"]
var shuffledArray = [String]()
for i in 0..<arrayItems.count
{
let randomObject = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(items.count)))
shuffledArray.append(items[randomObject])
items.remove(at: randomObject)
}
print(shuffledArray)
Swift Array使用扩展名->
extension Array {
// Order Randomize
mutating func shuffle() {
for _ in 0..<count {
sort { (_,_) in arc4random() < arc4random() }
}
}
}