下面的查询将生成ALTER查询，将所有表中所有适当列的排序规则更改为某种类型(在下面的示例中为utf8_general_ci)。

SELECT concat
        (
            'ALTER TABLE ', 
                t1.TABLE_SCHEMA, 
                '.', 
                t1.table_name, 
                ' MODIFY ', 
                t1.column_name, 
                ' ', 
                t1.data_type, 
                '(' , 
                    CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, 
                ')', 
                ' CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'
        )
from 
    information_schema.columns t1
where 
    t1.TABLE_SCHEMA like 'you_db_name_goes_here' AND
    t1.COLLATION_NAME IS NOT NULL AND
    t1.COLLATION_NAME NOT IN ('utf8_general_ci');

你可以运行一个php脚本。

               <?php
                   $con = mysql_connect('localhost','user','password');
                   if(!$con) { echo "Cannot connect to the database ";die();}
                   mysql_select_db('dbname');
                   $result=mysql_query('show tables');
                   while($tables = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
                            foreach ($tables as $key => $value) {
                             mysql_query("ALTER TABLE $value CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci");
                       }}
                   echo "The collation of your database has been successfully changed!";
                ?>

我使用了以下shell脚本。它将数据库名作为参数，并将所有表转换为另一个字符集和排序规则(由脚本中定义的另一个参数或默认值给出)。

#!/bin/bash

# mycollate.sh <database> [<charset> <collation>]
# changes MySQL/MariaDB charset and collation for one database - all tables and
# all columns in all tables

DB="$1"
CHARSET="$2"
COLL="$3"

[ -n "$DB" ] || exit 1
[ -n "$CHARSET" ] || CHARSET="utf8mb4"
[ -n "$COLL" ] || COLL="utf8mb4_general_ci"

echo $DB
echo "ALTER DATABASE $DB CHARACTER SET $CHARSET COLLATE $COLL;" | mysql

echo "USE $DB; SHOW TABLES;" | mysql -s | (
    while read TABLE; do
        echo $DB.$TABLE
        echo "ALTER TABLE $TABLE CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET $CHARSET COLLATE $COLL;" | mysql $DB
    done
)

我刚刚编写了一个bash脚本来查找给定数据库中的所有表并隐藏它们(及其列)。

脚本下载地址:https://github.com/Juddling/mysql-charset

生成查询以更新每个表和每个表的列。 我以前在我的一些项目中使用过这种方法，并且能够解决我的大部分COLLATION问题。(特别是在join上)

要使用，只需将结果导出为带分隔符的文本(可能是新行'\n')

每个表

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', TABLE_NAME, 
              '` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;') 
       AS 'USE `DATABASE_NAME`;' 
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES 
WHERE  TABLE_SCHEMA = 'DATABASE_NAME' 
       AND TABLE_TYPE LIKE 'BASE TABLE' 

每一列

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', TABLE_NAME, '` MODIFY COLUMN `', COLUMN_NAME,'` ', 
              DATA_TYPE, IF(CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH IS NULL 
       OR DATA_TYPE LIKE 'longtext', '', CONCAT('(', CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, 
                                         ')') 
       ), ' COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;') AS 'USE `DATABASE_NAME`;' 
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
WHERE  TABLE_SCHEMA = 'DATABASE_NAME' 
       AND (SELECT INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_TYPE 
            FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES 
            WHERE  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_SCHEMA = 
                   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS.TABLE_SCHEMA 
                   AND INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_NAME = 
                       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS.TABLE_NAME 
            LIMIT  1) LIKE 'BASE TABLE' 
       AND DATA_TYPE IN ( 'char', 'varchar' ) /* include other types if necessary */

修改数据库中所有表中所有字段的排序规则。

我只是通过前面提到的Php为表中的字段添加另一个循环到解决方案。这很有帮助，表中的所有字段也都转换了。

<?php
$con = mysql_connect('localhost','user','pw');
if(!$con) { echo "Cannot connect to the database ";die();}
mysql_select_db('database_name');
$result=mysql_query('show tables');
while($tables = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {

foreach ($tables as $key => $table) {                   // for each table

    $sql = "ALTER TABLE $table CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci";
    echo "\n".$sql;
    mysql_query($sql);

    $sql = "show fields in ".$table." where type like 'varchar%' or type like 'char%' or type='text' or type='mediumtext';";
    $rs2=mysql_query($sql);
    while( $rw2 = mysql_fetch_array($rs2) ){            // for each field in table

        $sql = "ALTER TABLE `".$table."` CHANGE `".$rw2['Field']."` `".$rw2['Field']."` ".$rw2['Type']." CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL;";
        echo "\n".$sql;
        mysql_query($sql);

    } 


}
}
echo "The collation of your database has been successfully changed!";

?>}