如何使用PHP5类创建单例类?
当前回答
protected static $_instance;
public static function getInstance()
{
if(is_null(self::$_instance))
{
self::$_instance = new self();
}
return self::$_instance;
}
这段代码可以应用于任何类,而无需关心类名。
其他回答
制作单例模式的真实和现代方法是:
<?php
/**
* Singleton Pattern.
*
* Modern implementation.
*/
class Singleton
{
/**
* Call this method to get singleton
*/
public static function instance()
{
static $instance = false;
if( $instance === false )
{
// Late static binding (PHP 5.3+)
$instance = new static();
}
return $instance;
}
/**
* Make constructor private, so nobody can call "new Class".
*/
private function __construct() {}
/**
* Make clone magic method private, so nobody can clone instance.
*/
private function __clone() {}
/**
* Make sleep magic method private, so nobody can serialize instance.
*/
private function __sleep() {}
/**
* Make wakeup magic method private, so nobody can unserialize instance.
*/
private function __wakeup() {}
}
现在你可以用它。
<?php
/**
* Database.
*
* Inherited from Singleton, so it's now got singleton behavior.
*/
class Database extends Singleton {
protected $label;
/**
* Example of that singleton is working correctly.
*/
public function setLabel($label)
{
$this->label = $label;
}
public function getLabel()
{
return $this->label;
}
}
// create first instance
$database = Database::instance();
$database->setLabel('Abraham');
echo $database->getLabel() . PHP_EOL;
// now try to create other instance as well
$other_db = Database::instance();
echo $other_db->getLabel() . PHP_EOL; // Abraham
$other_db->setLabel('Priler');
echo $database->getLabel() . PHP_EOL; // Priler
echo $other_db->getLabel() . PHP_EOL; // Priler
正如你所看到的,这种实现更加灵活。
/**
* Singleton class
*
*/
final class UserFactory
{
private static $inst = null;
// Prevent cloning and de-serializing
private function __clone(){}
private function __wakeup(){}
/**
* Call this method to get singleton
*
* @return UserFactory
*/
public static function Instance()
{
if ($inst === null) {
$inst = new UserFactory();
}
return $inst;
}
/**
* Private ctor so nobody else can instantiate it
*
*/
private function __construct()
{
}
}
使用方法:
$fact = UserFactory::Instance();
$fact2 = UserFactory::Instance();
$fact == $fact2;
But:
$fact = new UserFactory()
抛出错误。
参见http://php.net/manual/en/language.variables.scope.php#language.variables.scope.static了解静态变量的作用域以及为什么设置static $inst = null;的工作原理。
数据库类,检查是否有任何现有的数据库实例,它将返回先前的实例。
class Database {
public static $instance;
public static function getInstance(){
if(!isset(Database::$instance) ) {
Database::$instance = new Database();
}
return Database::$instance;
}
private function __cunstruct() {
/* private and cant create multiple objects */
}
public function getQuery(){
return "Test Query Data";
}
}
$dbObj = Database::getInstance();
$dbObj2 = Database::getInstance();
var_dump($dbObj);
var_dump($dbObj2);
/*
After execution you will get following output:
object(Database)[1]
object(Database)[1]
*/
Ref http://www.phptechi.com/php-singleton-design-patterns-example.html
这是在数据库类上创建单例的例子
设计模式 1)单
class Database{
public static $instance;
public static function getInstance(){
if(!isset(Database::$instance)){
Database::$instance=new Database();
return Database::$instance;
}
}
$db=Database::getInstance();
$db2=Database::getInstance();
$db3=Database::getInstance();
var_dump($db);
var_dump($db2);
var_dump($db3);
那么输出是
object(Database)[1]
object(Database)[1]
object(Database)[1]
只使用单个实例,不要创建3个实例
你可能应该添加一个私有的__clone()方法来禁止克隆实例。
private function __clone() {}
如果您不包含此方法,则可能出现以下情况
$inst1=UserFactory::Instance(); // to stick with the example provided above
$inst2=clone $inst1;
现在$inst1 !== $inst2 -它们不再是同一个实例了。