只是我的两美分，但下面的代码在c++ 17中不能移植吗?

#include <iostream>
#include <filesystem>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    std::cout << "Path is " << fs::path(argv[0]).parent_path() << '\n';
}

至少在Linux上对我有用。

根据前面的想法，我现在有:

std::filesystem::path prepend_exe_path(const std::string& filename, const std::string& exe_path = "");

与实现:

fs::path prepend_exe_path(const std::string& filename, const std::string& exe_path)
{
    static auto exe_parent_path = fs::path(exe_path).parent_path();
    return exe_parent_path / filename;
}

main()中的初始化技巧:

(void) prepend_exe_path("", argv[0]);

感谢@Sam Redway的argv[0]想法。当然，我知道当OP提出这个问题时，c++ 17还没有出现很多年。

只是迟来的堆砌在这里，…

没有标准的解决方案，因为这些语言不知道底层文件系统，所以正如其他人所说，基于目录的文件系统的概念超出了c / c++语言的范围。

on top of that, you want not the current working directory, but the directory the program is running in, which must take into account how the program got to where it is - ie was it spawned as a new process via a fork, etc. To get the directory a program is running in, as the solutions have demonstrated, requires that you get that information from the process control structures of the operating system in question, which is the only authority on this question. Thus, by definition, its an OS specific solution.

这是来自cplusplus论坛

在windows上:

#include <string>
#include <windows.h>

std::string getexepath()
{
  char result[ MAX_PATH ];
  return std::string( result, GetModuleFileName( NULL, result, MAX_PATH ) );
}

在Linux上:

#include <string>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>

std::string getexepath()
{
  char result[ PATH_MAX ];
  ssize_t count = readlink( "/proc/self/exe", result, PATH_MAX );
  return std::string( result, (count > 0) ? count : 0 );
}

在hp - ux上:

#include <string>
#include <limits.h>
#define _PSTAT64
#include <sys/pstat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

std::string getexepath()
{
  char result[ PATH_MAX ];
  struct pst_status ps;

  if (pstat_getproc( &ps, sizeof( ps ), 0, getpid() ) < 0)
    return std::string();

  if (pstat_getpathname( result, PATH_MAX, &ps.pst_fid_text ) < 0)
    return std::string();

  return std::string( result );
}

这个问题是15年前问的，所以现在现有的答案是不正确的。如果你使用的是c++ 17或更高版本，现在的解决方案非常简单:

#include <filesystem>

std::cout << std::filesystem::current_path();

更多信息请参见cppreference.com。

从c++ 11开始，使用实验文件系统，c++ 14- c++ 17以及使用正式文件系统。

application.h:

#pragma once

//
// https://en.cppreference.com/w/User:D41D8CD98F/feature_testing_macros
//
#ifdef __cpp_lib_filesystem
#include <filesystem>
#else
#include <experimental/filesystem>

namespace std {
    namespace filesystem = experimental::filesystem;
}
#endif

std::filesystem::path getexepath();

application.cpp:

#include "application.h"
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>    //GetModuleFileNameW
#else
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>     //readlink
#endif

std::filesystem::path getexepath()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    wchar_t path[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
    GetModuleFileNameW(NULL, path, MAX_PATH);
    return path;
#else
    char result[PATH_MAX];
    ssize_t count = readlink("/proc/self/exe", result, PATH_MAX);
    return std::string(result, (count > 0) ? count : 0);
#endif
}

在stdlib.h中像这样使用realpath():

char *working_dir_path = realpath(".", NULL);