在我的例子中，错误消息暗示我正在无头控制台中工作。因此，plt.show()不能工作。有效的方法是调用plt.savefig:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [5, 7, 4])
plt.savefig("mygraph.png")

我在github上找到了答案。

在WSL上使用X服务器

确保您的X服务器工作正常。如果无法连接到X显示器，Matplotlib会提示此错误。

Windows防火墙配置

注意windows防火墙!我把WSL Debian换成了Ubuntu，不记得防火墙规则了。 我用这篇文章来配置windows防火墙规则，使X服务器正常工作。这种方法避免了过于宽松的规则，使得任何人都可以使用你的X服务器。

信上说:

如果您已经安装了X11服务器，Windows可能已经创建了防火墙规则，这些规则会打乱上面的配置。在“高级安全Windows防御防火墙”中搜索并删除它们。

You will now need to configure Windows Firewall to permit connections from WSL2 to the X11 display server. You will install the display server in the next step. We do this step first to avoid Windows Firewall from auto-creating an insecure firewall rule when you run the X11 display server. Many guides on X11 forwarding and WSL2 make this firewall rule too permissive, allowing connections from any computer to your computer. This means someone could theoretically, if they are on your same network, start sending graphical display information to your computer. To avoid this, we will make Windows Firewall only accept internet traffic from the WSL2 instance. To set this up, you can copy the below to a script and run it from within WSL2: #!/bin/sh LINUX_IP=$(ip addr | awk '/inet / && !/127.0.0.1/ {split($2,a,"/"); print a[1]}') WINDOWS_IP=$(ip route | awk '/^default/ {print $3}') # Elevate to administrator status then run netsh to add firewall rule powershell.exe -Command "Start-Process netsh.exe -ArgumentList \"advfirewall firewall add rule name=X11-Forwarding dir=in action=allow program=%ProgramFiles%\VcXsrv\vcxsrv.exe localip=$WINDOWS_IP remoteip=$LINUX_IP localport=6000 protocol=tcp\" -Verb RunAs"

手动方法:

Alternatively, you can manually add the rule through a GUI by doing the following: Open "Windows Defender Firewall with Advanced Security" Click add new rule brings up the New Rule Wizard (next to navigate between each section): Rule type: Custom Program: "This program path:" %ProgramFiles%\VcXsrv\vcxsrv.exe Protocol and ports Protocol type: TCP Local port: 6000 Remote port: any Scope Local IP address: Obtain the IP address to put in by running the below command in WSL2 ip route | awk '/^default/ {print $3}' remote IP addresses Obtain IP address to enter by running the below in WSL2 ip addr | awk '/inet / && !/127.0.0.1/ {split($2,a,"/"); print a[1]}' Action: "Allow the connection Profile: Selection Domain, Private, and Public Name: "X11 forwarding"

在Mac OS上，我让它工作:

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('MacOSX')

如果你使用Arch Linux(发行版如Manjaro或Antegros)，只需输入:

sudo pacman -S tk

一切都将完美地工作!

绘图前请执行以下命令

%matplotlib inline

Linux Mint 19。对我有帮助:

sudo apt install tk-dev

附注:安装包后重新编译python解释器。