要序列化的自定义类:

[Serializable]
public class TestClass
{
    int x = 2;
    int y = 4;
    public TestClass(){}
    public TestClass(int x, int y)
    {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int TestFunction()
    {
        return x + y;
    }
}

我已经附上了代码片段。也许这个能帮到你。

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TestClass));

    MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    XmlTextWriter xmlWriter = new XmlTextWriter(memoryStream, Encoding.UTF8);

    TestClass domain = new TestClass(10, 3);
    xmlSerializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, domain);
    memoryStream = (MemoryStream)xmlWriter.BaseStream;
    string xmlSerializedString = ConvertByteArray2Str(memoryStream.ToArray());

    TestClass xmlDomain = (TestClass)DeserializeObject(xmlSerializedString);

    Console.WriteLine(xmlDomain.TestFunction().ToString());
    Console.ReadLine();
}

Like Martin Sherburn said, this is normal behavior. The constructor of the XmlSerializer first tries to find an assembly named [YourAssembly].XmlSerializers.dll which should contain the generated class for serialization of your type. Since such a DLL has not been generated yet (they are not by default), a FileNotFoundException is thrown. When that happenes, XmlSerializer's constructor catches that exception, and the DLL is generated automatically at runtime by the XmlSerializer's constructor (this is done by generating C# source files in the %temp% directory of your computer, then compiling them using the C# compiler). Additional constructions of an XmlSerializer for the same type will just use the already generated DLL.

更新:从。net 4.5开始，XmlSerializer不再执行代码生成，也不再为了在运行时创建序列化程序集而使用c#编译器执行编译，除非通过设置配置文件设置(useLegacySerializerGeneration)显式强制执行。此更改消除了对csc.exe的依赖，并提高了启动性能。来源:. net Framework 4.5 Readme，章节1.3.8.1。

异常由XmlSerializer的构造函数处理。你不需要自己做任何事情，你可以点击“继续”(F5)继续执行你的程序，一切都会好的。如果你被异常停止程序执行并弹出异常助手所困扰，你要么关闭“只是我的代码”，要么将FileNotFoundException设置为在抛出时中断执行，而不是在“User-unhandled”时。

打开“Just My Code”，请转到“Tools >> Options >> Debugging >> General >> enable Just My Code”。要关闭FileNotFound被抛出时的执行中断，请转到调试>>异常>>找到>>输入'FileNotFoundException' >>取消System.IO.FileNotFoundException中的' thrown '复选框。

只是作为参考。从D-B的回答和评论中，我得出了这个接近D-B的解决方案。它在我的所有情况下都工作得很好，并且是线程安全的。我不认为使用ConcurrentDictionary是可以的。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace HQ.Util.General
{
    public class XmlSerializerHelper
    {
        private static readonly Dictionary<Type, XmlSerializer> _dictTypeToSerializer = new Dictionary<Type, XmlSerializer>();

        public static XmlSerializer GetSerializer(Type type)
        {
            lock (_dictTypeToSerializer)
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer;
                if (! _dictTypeToSerializer.TryGetValue(type, out serializer))
                {
                    var importer = new XmlReflectionImporter();
                    var mapping = importer.ImportTypeMapping(type, null, null);
                    serializer = new XmlSerializer(mapping);
                    return _dictTypeToSerializer[type] = serializer;
                }

                return serializer;
            }
        }
    }
}

用法:

        if (File.Exists(Path))
        {
            using (XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(Path))
            {
                // XmlSerializer x  = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                var x = XmlSerializerHelper.GetSerializer(typeof(T));

                try
                {
                    options = (OptionsBase<T>)x.Deserialize(reader);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Instance.AddEntry(LogType.LogException, "Unable to open Options file: " + Path, ex);
                }
            }
        }

在Visual Studio项目属性(“Build”页面，如果我没记错的话)中有一个选项显示“生成序列化程序集”。尝试为生成[包含MyType的程序集]的项目打开该选项。

另一方面，对编译错误进行故障排除是非常复杂的。这些问题在FileNotFoundException异常中显示，并显示如下信息:

File or assembly name abcdef.dll, or one of its dependencies, was not found. File name: "abcdef.dll"
   at System.Reflection.Assembly.nLoad( ... )
   at System.Reflection.Assembly.InternalLoad( ... )
   at System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(...)
   at System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerResults.get_CompiledAssembly() 

You may wonder what a file not found exception has to do with instantiating a serializer object, but remember: the constructor writes C# files and tries to compile them. The call stack of this exception provides some good information to support that suspicion. The exception occurred while the XmlSerializer attempted to load an assembly generated by CodeDOM calling the System.Reflection.Assembly.Load method. The exception does not provide an explanation as to why the assembly that the XmlSerializer was supposed to create was not present. In general, the assembly is not present because the compilation failed, which may happen because, under rare circumstances, the serialization attributes produce code that the C# compiler fails to compile.

请注意 当XmlSerializer在不能访问临时目录的帐户或安全环境下运行时，也会发生此错误。

来源: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa302290.aspx

在Visual Studio项目属性中，有一个选项显示“生成序列化程序集”。尝试为生成[包含MyType的程序集]的项目打开该选项。