我怎样才能做到这一点呢?

public class GenericClass<T>
{
    public Type getMyType()
    {
        //How do I return the type of T?
    }
}

到目前为止,我所尝试的一切总是返回Object类型,而不是使用的特定类型。


当前回答

这是我的解决方案。例子可以解释。唯一的要求是子类必须设置泛型类型,而不是对象。

import java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class TypeUtils {

    /*** EXAMPLES ***/

    public static class Class1<A, B, C> {

        public A someA;
        public B someB;
        public C someC;

        public Class<?> getAType() {
            return getTypeParameterType(this.getClass(), Class1.class, 0);
        }

        public Class<?> getCType() {
            return getTypeParameterType(this.getClass(), Class1.class, 2);
        }
    }

    public static class Class2<D, A, B, E, C> extends Class1<A, B, C> {

        public B someB;
        public D someD;
        public E someE;
    }

    public static class Class3<E, C> extends Class2<String, Integer, Double, E, C> {

        public E someE;
    }

    public static class Class4 extends Class3<Boolean, Long> {

    }

    public static void test() throws NoSuchFieldException {

        Class4 class4 = new Class4();
        Class<?> typeA = class4.getAType(); // typeA = Integer
        Class<?> typeC = class4.getCType(); // typeC = Long

        Field fieldSomeA = class4.getClass().getField("someA");
        Class<?> typeSomeA = TypeUtils.getFieldType(class4.getClass(), fieldSomeA); // typeSomeA = Integer

        Field fieldSomeE = class4.getClass().getField("someE");
        Class<?> typeSomeE = TypeUtils.getFieldType(class4.getClass(), fieldSomeE); // typeSomeE = Boolean


    }

    /*** UTILS ***/

    public static Class<?> getTypeVariableType(Class<?> subClass, TypeVariable<?> typeVariable) {
        Map<TypeVariable<?>, Type> subMap = new HashMap<>();
        Class<?> superClass;
        while ((superClass = subClass.getSuperclass()) != null) {

            Map<TypeVariable<?>, Type> superMap = new HashMap<>();
            Type superGeneric = subClass.getGenericSuperclass();
            if (superGeneric instanceof ParameterizedType) {

                TypeVariable<?>[] typeParams = superClass.getTypeParameters();
                Type[] actualTypeArgs = ((ParameterizedType) superGeneric).getActualTypeArguments();

                for (int i = 0; i < typeParams.length; i++) {
                    Type actualType = actualTypeArgs[i];
                    if (actualType instanceof TypeVariable) {
                        actualType = subMap.get(actualType);
                    }
                    if (typeVariable == typeParams[i]) return (Class<?>) actualType;
                    superMap.put(typeParams[i], actualType);
                }
            }
            subClass = superClass;
            subMap = superMap;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static Class<?> getTypeParameterType(Class<?> subClass, Class<?> superClass, int typeParameterIndex) {
        return TypeUtils.getTypeVariableType(subClass, superClass.getTypeParameters()[typeParameterIndex]);
    }

    public static Class<?> getFieldType(Class<?> clazz, AccessibleObject element) {
        Class<?> type = null;
        Type genericType = null;

        if (element instanceof Field) {
            type = ((Field) element).getType();
            genericType = ((Field) element).getGenericType();
        } else if (element instanceof Method) {
            type = ((Method) element).getReturnType();
            genericType = ((Method) element).getGenericReturnType();
        }

        if (genericType instanceof TypeVariable) {
            Class<?> typeVariableType = TypeUtils.getTypeVariableType(clazz, (TypeVariable) genericType);
            if (typeVariableType != null) {
                type = typeVariableType;
            }
        }

        return type;
    }

}

其他回答

我使用以下方法:

public class A<T> {

    protected Class<T> clazz;

    public A() {
        this.clazz = (Class<T>) ((ParameterizedType) getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
    }

    public Class<T> getClazz() {
        return clazz;
    }
}

public class B extends A<C> {
   /* ... */
    public void anything() {
       // here I may use getClazz();
    }
}

使用返回类类型的抽象方法,然后在该类中使用它,无论在何处扩展泛型类,都必须实现该抽象方法以返回所需的类类型

public class AbsractService<T>{
  public abstract Class<T> getClassType ();
   .......
}

在运行时

class AnimalService extends AbstractService<Animal>{

@Override  
public Class<Animal> getClassType (){
        return Animal.class;
 }

  .....
}

我做了相同的@Moesio上面,但在Kotlin可以这样做:

class A<T : SomeClass>() {

    var someClassType : T

    init(){
    this.someClassType = (javaClass.genericSuperclass as ParameterizedType).actualTypeArguments[0] as Class<T>
    }

}

这是我的解决方案:

import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;

public class GenericClass<T extends String> {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
     for (TypeVariable typeParam : GenericClass.class.getTypeParameters()) {
      System.out.println(typeParam.getName());
      for (Type bound : typeParam.getBounds()) {
         System.out.println(bound);
      }
    }
  }
}

Ian Robertson在这篇文章中描述的技巧对我很有用。

简单粗暴的例子:

 public abstract class AbstractDAO<T extends EntityInterface, U extends QueryCriteria, V>
 {
    /**
     * Method returns class implementing EntityInterface which was used in class
     * extending AbstractDAO
     *
     * @return Class<T extends EntityInterface>
     */
    public Class<T> returnedClass()
    {
        return (Class<T>) getTypeArguments(AbstractDAO.class, getClass()).get(0);
    }

    /**
     * Get the underlying class for a type, or null if the type is a variable
     * type.
     *
     * @param type the type
     * @return the underlying class
     */
    public static Class<?> getClass(Type type)
    {
        if (type instanceof Class) {
            return (Class) type;
        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            return getClass(((ParameterizedType) type).getRawType());
        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            Type componentType = ((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType();
            Class<?> componentClass = getClass(componentType);
            if (componentClass != null) {
                return Array.newInstance(componentClass, 0).getClass();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the actual type arguments a child class has used to extend a generic
     * base class.
     *
     * @param baseClass the base class
     * @param childClass the child class
     * @return a list of the raw classes for the actual type arguments.
     */
    public static <T> List<Class<?>> getTypeArguments(
            Class<T> baseClass, Class<? extends T> childClass)
    {
        Map<Type, Type> resolvedTypes = new HashMap<Type, Type>();
        Type type = childClass;
        // start walking up the inheritance hierarchy until we hit baseClass
        while (!getClass(type).equals(baseClass)) {
            if (type instanceof Class) {
                // there is no useful information for us in raw types, so just keep going.
                type = ((Class) type).getGenericSuperclass();
            } else {
                ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
                Class<?> rawType = (Class) parameterizedType.getRawType();

                Type[] actualTypeArguments = parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments();
                TypeVariable<?>[] typeParameters = rawType.getTypeParameters();
                for (int i = 0; i < actualTypeArguments.length; i++) {
                    resolvedTypes.put(typeParameters[i], actualTypeArguments[i]);
                }

                if (!rawType.equals(baseClass)) {
                    type = rawType.getGenericSuperclass();
                }
            }
        }

        // finally, for each actual type argument provided to baseClass, determine (if possible)
        // the raw class for that type argument.
        Type[] actualTypeArguments;
        if (type instanceof Class) {
            actualTypeArguments = ((Class) type).getTypeParameters();
        } else {
            actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) type).getActualTypeArguments();
        }
        List<Class<?>> typeArgumentsAsClasses = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
        // resolve types by chasing down type variables.
        for (Type baseType : actualTypeArguments) {
            while (resolvedTypes.containsKey(baseType)) {
                baseType = resolvedTypes.get(baseType);
            }
            typeArgumentsAsClasses.add(getClass(baseType));
        }
        return typeArgumentsAsClasses;
    }
  }