简而言之，使用tf。变量为可训练变量，如权重(W)和偏差(B)为您的模型。

weights = tf.Variable(
    tf.truncated_normal([IMAGE_PIXELS, hidden1_units],
                    stddev=1.0 / math.sqrt(float(IMAGE_PIXELS))), name='weights')

biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([hidden1_units]), name='biases')

特遣部队。占位符用于提供实际的训练示例。

images_placeholder = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(batch_size, IMAGE_PIXELS))
labels_placeholder = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, shape=(batch_size))

这是你在训练中输入训练示例的方式:

for step in xrange(FLAGS.max_steps):
    feed_dict = {
       images_placeholder: images_feed,
       labels_placeholder: labels_feed,
     }
    _, loss_value = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict=feed_dict)

你的助教。变量将被训练(修改)作为这个训练的结果。

详见https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r0.7/tutorials/mnist/tf/index.html。(例子摘自网页。)

Tensorflow 2.0兼容答案:占位符的概念，tf。占位符在Tensorflow 2中不可用。x(>= 2.0)，因为默认执行模式为“主动执行”。

但是，我们可以在图形模式下使用它们(禁用急切执行)。

版本2中TF占位符的等效命令。X是tf. compatat .v1.placeholder。

版本2中TF变量的等效命令。X等于tf。变量和如果您想从1迁移代码。X到2。X，等效命令为

tf.compat.v2.Variable。

有关Tensorflow 2.0版本的更多信息，请参阅此Tensorflow页面。

有关从版本1迁移的更多信息，请参阅迁移指南。X到2。X。

简而言之，使用tf。变量为可训练变量，如权重(W)和偏差(B)为您的模型。

weights = tf.Variable(
    tf.truncated_normal([IMAGE_PIXELS, hidden1_units],
                    stddev=1.0 / math.sqrt(float(IMAGE_PIXELS))), name='weights')

biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([hidden1_units]), name='biases')

特遣部队。占位符用于提供实际的训练示例。

images_placeholder = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(batch_size, IMAGE_PIXELS))
labels_placeholder = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, shape=(batch_size))

这是你在训练中输入训练示例的方式:

for step in xrange(FLAGS.max_steps):
    feed_dict = {
       images_placeholder: images_feed,
       labels_placeholder: labels_feed,
     }
    _, loss_value = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict=feed_dict)

你的助教。变量将被训练(修改)作为这个训练的结果。

详见https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r0.7/tutorials/mnist/tf/index.html。(例子摘自网页。)

最明显的区别是。变量和tf。占位符是

使用变量保存和更新参数。变量是 包含张量的内存缓冲区。它们必须明确 已初始化，可以在培训期间和培训结束后保存到磁盘。你 可以稍后恢复保存的值以练习或分析模型。

变量的初始化使用sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())完成。另外，在创建变量时，你需要将一个Tensor作为它的初始值传递给variable()构造函数，当你创建一个变量时，你总是知道它的形状。

另一方面，您不能更新占位符。它们也不应该被初始化，但因为它们是一个有一个张量的承诺，你需要将值输入到它们sess.run(<op>， {a: <some_val>})。最后，与变量相比，占位符可能不知道形状。您可以提供部分维度，也可以什么都不提供。

还有其他区别:

the values inside the variable can be updated during optimizations variables can be shared, and can be non-trainable the values inside the variable can be stored after training when the variable is created, 3 ops are added to a graph (variable op, initializer op, ops for the initial value) placeholder is a function, Variable is a class (hence an uppercase) when you use TF in a distributed environment, variables are stored in a special place (parameter server) and are shared between the workers.

有趣的是，不仅可以提供占位符。您可以将值提供给变量，甚至是常量。

想象一个计算图。在这样的图中，我们需要一个输入节点来将数据传递到图中，这些节点应该在tensorflow中定义为占位符。

不要把Python想象成一个通用的程序。你可以写一个Python程序，做所有那些在其他答案中通过变量解释的事情，但对于张量流中的计算图，为了将数据输入到图中，你需要将这些点定义为占位符。

除了其他人的答案，他们在Tensoflow网站上的MNIST教程中也解释得很好:

We describe these interacting operations by manipulating symbolic variables. Let's create one: x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784]), x isn't a specific value. It's a placeholder, a value that we'll input when we ask TensorFlow to run a computation. We want to be able to input any number of MNIST images, each flattened into a 784-dimensional vector. We represent this as a 2-D tensor of floating-point numbers, with a shape [None, 784]. (Here None means that a dimension can be of any length.) We also need the weights and biases for our model. We could imagine treating these like additional inputs, but TensorFlow has an even better way to handle it: Variable. A Variable is a modifiable tensor that lives in TensorFlow's graph of interacting operations. It can be used and even modified by the computation. For machine learning applications, one generally has the model parameters be Variables. W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10])) b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10])) We create these Variables by giving tf.Variable the initial value of the Variable: in this case, we initialize both W and b as tensors full of zeros. Since we are going to learn W and b, it doesn't matter very much what they initially are.