我们所有使用关系数据库的人都知道(或正在学习)SQL是不同的。获得期望的结果,并有效地这样做,涉及到一个乏味的过程,其部分特征是学习不熟悉的范例,并发现一些我们最熟悉的编程模式在这里不起作用。常见的反模式是什么?


当前回答

The Altered View - A view that is altered too often and without notice or reason. The change will either be noticed at the most inappropriate time or worse be wrong and never noticed. Maybe your application will break because someone thought of a better name for that column. As a rule views should extend the usefulness of base tables while maintaining a contract with consumers. Fix problems but don't add features or worse change behavior, for that create a new view. To mitigate do not share views with other projects and, use CTEs when platforms allow. If your shop has a DBA you probably can't change views but all your views will be outdated and or useless in that case. The !Paramed - Can a query have more than one purpose? Probably but the next person who reads it won't know until deep meditation. Even if you don't need them right now chances are you will, even if it's "just" to debug. Adding parameters lowers maintenance time and keep things DRY. If you have a where clause you should have parameters. The case for no CASE - SELECT CASE @problem WHEN 'Need to replace column A with this medium to large collection of strings hanging out in my code.' THEN 'Create a table for lookup and add to your from clause.' WHEN 'Scrubbing values in the result set based on some business rules.' THEN 'Fix the data in the database' WHEN 'Formating dates or numbers.' THEN 'Apply formating in the presentation layer.' WHEN 'Createing a cross tab' THEN 'Good, but in reporting you should probably be using cross tab, matrix or pivot templates' ELSE 'You probably found another case for no CASE but now I have to edit my code instead of enriching the data...' END

其他回答

我只是把这个放在一起,基于一些SQL响应这里在SO。

认为触发器之于数据库就像事件处理程序之于OOP是一种严重的反模式。有一种看法是,任何旧的逻辑都可以放入触发器中,当一个事务(事件)在表上发生时被触发。

不正确的。最大的区别之一是触发器是同步的——而且是完全同步的,因为它们在集合操作上是同步的,而不是在行操作上。在OOP方面,正好相反——事件是实现异步事务的有效方法。

临时表滥用。

特别是这类事情:

SELECT personid, firstname, lastname, age
INTO #tmpPeople
FROM People
WHERE lastname like 's%'

DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE firstname = 'John'

DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE firstname = 'Jon'

DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE age > 35

UPDATE People
SET firstname = 'Fred'
WHERE personid IN (SELECT personid from #tmpPeople)

不要从查询中构建临时表,只是为了删除不需要的行。

是的,我在生产db中看到过这种形式的代码页。

我看到视图定义是这样的:

CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW PRICE (PART_NUMBER, PRICE_LIST, LIST_VERSION ...)
AS
  SELECT sp.MKT_PART_NUMBER,
    sp.PRICE_LIST,
    sp.LIST_VERSION,
    sp.MIN_PRICE,
    sp.UNIT_PRICE,
    sp.MAX_PRICE,
...

视图中大约有50个列。有些开发人员以不提供列别名而折磨他人为傲,因此必须计算两个位置的列偏移量,以便能够找出视图中对应的列。

FROM TableA, TableB WHERE语法用于连接而不是FROM TableA内部连接TableB上 假设查询将以某种方式返回,而不放入ORDER BY子句,因为这是在查询工具中测试时显示的方式。

在他们职业生涯的前6个月学习SQL,在接下来的10年里从不学习其他任何东西。特别是没有学习或有效地使用窗口/分析SQL特性。特别是over()和partition by的使用。

窗口函数,比如聚合 函数时,对对象进行聚合 定义的行集(组),但是 而不是返回一个值 组,窗口函数可以返回 每个组有多个值。

请参阅O'Reilly SQL Cookbook附录A,以获得窗口函数的良好概述。