听起来你想要的是

Starting at a vertex, face anti-clockwise along an adjacent edge. Replace the edge with a new, parallel edge placed at distance d to the "left" of the old one. Repeat for all edges. Find the intersections of the new edges to get the new vertices. Detect if you've become a crossed polygon and decide what to do about it. Probably add a new vertex at the crossing-point and get rid of some old ones. I'm not sure whether there's a better way to detect this than just to compare every pair of non-adjacent edges to see if their intersection lies between both pairs of vertices.

生成的多边形位于所需的距离上，与旧多边形距离顶点“足够远”。在一个顶点附近，距离旧多边形d的点的集合，正如你所说，不是一个多边形，所以不能满足所述的要求。

我不知道这个算法是否有名字，网络上的示例代码，或者是一个残酷的优化，但我认为它描述了你想要的东西。

在GIS世界中，我们使用负缓冲来完成这个任务: http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~npramod/enc_pdf.pdf

JTS库应该为您完成这项工作。请参阅缓冲区操作的文档:http://tsusiatsoftware.net/jts/javadoc/com/vividsolutions/jts/operation/buffer/package-summary.html

有关粗略的概述，请参阅开发人员指南: http://www.vividsolutions.com/jts/bin/JTS%20Developer%20Guide.pdf

对于这些类型的事情，我通常使用JTS。出于演示目的，我创建了这个使用JSTS (JTS的JavaScript端口)的jsFiddle。你只需要将坐标转换为JSTS坐标:

function vectorCoordinates2JTS (polygon) {
  var coordinates = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
    coordinates.push(new jsts.geom.Coordinate(polygon[i].x, polygon[i].y));
  }
  return coordinates;
}

结果是这样的:

附加信息:我通常使用这种类型的膨胀/收缩(为我的目的做了一点修改)在地图上绘制的多边形上设置半径边界(使用传单或谷歌地图)。您只需将(lat,lng)对转换为JSTS坐标，其他一切都是相同的。例子:

这是这里解释的算法的c#实现。它也使用Unity数学库和集合包。

public static NativeArray<float2> ExpandPoly(NativeArray<float2> oldPoints, float offset, int outer_ccw = 1)
{
    int num_points = oldPoints.Length;
    NativeArray<float2> newPoints = new NativeArray<float2>(num_points, Allocator.Temp);

    for (int curr = 0; curr < num_points; curr++)
    {
        int prev = (curr + num_points - 1) % num_points;
        int next = (curr + 1) % num_points;

        float2 vn = oldPoints[next] - oldPoints[curr];
        float2 vnn = math.normalize(vn);
        float nnnX = vnn.y;
        float nnnY = -vnn.x;

        float2 vp = oldPoints[curr] - oldPoints[prev];
        float2 vpn = math.normalize(vp);
        float npnX = vpn.y * outer_ccw;
        float npnY = -vpn.x * outer_ccw;

        float bisX = (nnnX + npnX) * outer_ccw;
        float bisY = (nnnY + npnY) * outer_ccw;

        float2 bisn = math.normalize(new float2(bisX, bisY));
        float bislen = offset / math.sqrt((1 + nnnX * npnX + nnnY * npnY) / 2);

        newPoints[curr] = new float2(oldPoints[curr].x + bislen * bisn.x, oldPoints[curr].y + bislen * bisn.y);
    }

    return newPoints;
}

非常感谢安格斯·约翰逊的快船库。 在clipper主页http://www.angusj.com/delphi/clipper.php#code上有很好的代码示例用于做剪贴的东西 但是我没有看到多边形偏移的例子。所以我想，如果我发布我的代码，也许对某些人是有用的:

    public static List<Point> GetOffsetPolygon(List<Point> originalPath, double offset)
    {
        List<Point> resultOffsetPath = new List<Point>();

        List<ClipperLib.IntPoint> polygon = new List<ClipperLib.IntPoint>();
        foreach (var point in originalPath)
        {
            polygon.Add(new ClipperLib.IntPoint(point.X, point.Y));
        }

        ClipperLib.ClipperOffset co = new ClipperLib.ClipperOffset();
        co.AddPath(polygon, ClipperLib.JoinType.jtRound, ClipperLib.EndType.etClosedPolygon);

        List<List<ClipperLib.IntPoint>> solution = new List<List<ClipperLib.IntPoint>>();
        co.Execute(ref solution, offset);

        foreach (var offsetPath in solution)
        {
            foreach (var offsetPathPoint in offsetPath)
            {
                resultOffsetPath.Add(new Point(Convert.ToInt32(offsetPathPoint.X), Convert.ToInt32(offsetPathPoint.Y)));
            }
        }

        return resultOffsetPath;
    }

根据@JoshO'Brian的建议，R语言中的rGeos包实现了这个算法。参见rGeos::gBuffer。